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In all places they assured that none of the surgeries involved risks. Ten died after a fat transfer in the buttocks, and Galvan is one of them. His wounds became infected and he spent months with the gaps left by the operation on his body torso. But there arent enough places in Colombian medical schools, so some of the people who dont get a spot end up studying abroad. (Dr. Labrador did not return calls. Last year, Beltrn launched the campaign #CirugiaSeguraYa ("Safe surgery now) on social media to denounce the current situation and to demand the adoption of laws regulating the sector. )crude oil and lease condensate exports: 481,300 bbl/day (2018 est. In none of the sites the reporter was seen by a doctor. ), total population: 74.89 yearsmale: 71.27 yearsfemale: 78.69 years (2023 est. WebR.F.M. The department's available database does not have information on cosmetic surgeries because they are not categorized within a profession that regulates the department. months in restricting the license. Over the past eight years, one such doctor, Ismael Labrador, has had eight patients die at clinics he has run, four from botched BBLs, USA Today and Naples Daily News reported. In short, the butt is becoming the new breast, Dr Tim Papadopoulos, specialist plastic surgeon and past president of ASAPS said. "It happens in Miami, but this is a national problem. Because of political violence and economic problems, Colombia received limited numbers of immigrants during the 19th and 20th centuries, mostly from the Middle East, Europe, and Japan. The woman was in her forties when she died on August 19 in Cali, Colombias third-largest city, just three days after having surgery in a clinic in the north of the city. Every year, many Colombians apply to medical schools offering a speciality in aesthetic procedures. )3,280.832 (2019 est. She went from a G Cup to a double D, and her stomach is flat. ), total: 31.2 yearsmale: 30.2 yearsfemale: 32.2 years (2020 est. According to Google keyword data, BBL was searched roughly 200,000 times per month between January and May 2021. Alejandro Lpez is not a doctor and owns a center where no deaths have been reported, but he deals with the bad reputation of the industry and he himself recognizes that the law is weak. )from coal and metallurgical coke: 12.666 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. Experts agree that patients are obliged to investigate in whose hands they put their lives. "We are in limbo, because neither the health department nor the business regulation department are in charge," he said. The 14 deceased mentioned in this work left behind at least 26 orphans. The Univision team visited four of these centers covertly, requesting information about the surgeries. They also promote breast augmentation for four installments of $ 20 per month, also funded for several years. Register, Join the conversation, you are commenting as Logout. And there is a high demand for these procedures. Last year, for about a month, the Ministry of Education stopped licensing practitioners who had diplomas from four specific foreign universities while they carried out an investigation into the matter. But Dr. Hsu assured her that it would shrink with time; only about 70 percent of the fat stays in the body. "This happens because there are doctors who use dangerous techniques and do not understand anatomy, because they are not plastic surgeons." )-7.05% (2020 est. Only in Miami-Dade County there are 112 places with cosmetic center license. However, income inequality is among the worst in the world, and more than a third of the population lives below the poverty line. )72.7% of GDP (2019 est. "There is a more dangerous surgery than all the others, the Brazilian Butt Lift, and here in Miami more people have died than in any other part of the country," Pazmio explains. According to this research, in the last five years,14 women have died after undergoing cosmetic surgeries in South Florida. ), urban population: 82.4% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 1.01% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. ), total: 11.65 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale: 13.07 deaths/1,000 live birthsfemale: 10.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est. There is no way to control, it is impossible, you should have the inspector next to you fixed. This is not a state problem. Christian 92.3% (predominantly Roman Catholic), other 1%, unspecified 6.7% (2020 est.). Under Florida law, their owners must not be doctors, so FDOH has no authority to regulate them. (male 2,367,369/female 3,005,494), total dependency ratio: 43.5youth dependency ratio: 31elderly dependency ratio: 12.5potential support ratio: 8 (2021 est. Senator Flores' bill proposes fines of up to $ 10,000, business closings or 5-year penalties for cosmetic centers that register incidents. )note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, -$17.621 billion (2021 est. ), 90.4% of GDP (2020 est. But his hopes vanished when he was confirmed at the Kendall Regional Hospital that Adianet was brain dead and that only the decision to disconnect her was to be made. Her butt resembled a swollen beach ball, which freaked her out. WebPlastic & Reconstructive Surgeon.Salud y belleza Miembro de SCCPCali/Colombia [email protected]+573187017557 . Last May, the Colombian Constitutional Court also ruled that young people could start getting plastic surgery at the age of 14, as long as they had parental permission. The clinics are regularly shut down after inspectors become aware of them.]. This is not the case in Australia where women generally prefer larger breasts and smaller backsides.. )solar: 0.3% of total installed capacity (2020 est. There is little regulation around the licensing of physicians in Colombia and, even with an express diploma, its pretty easy to get a licence to practice. )hydroelectricity: 65.7% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Dr. Monroy is one of However, some of the people who go abroad complete much shorter programmes [often only between six months and two years]. This is far from an isolated case last year alone, 30 people died in Colombia after undergoing plastic surgery. {{ scope.counterText }} Journaliste Lorena Beltrn had breast reduction surgery in 2014 but it went horribly wrong, leaving huge scars on her chest. ), Rio Negro river source (shared with Venezuela and Brazil [m]) - 2,250 km; Orinoco (shared with Venezuela [s]) - 2,101 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Atlantic Ocean drainage: Amazon (6,145,186 sq km), Orinoco (953,675 sq km), the majority of people live in the north and west where agricultural opportunities and natural resources are found; the vast grasslands of the llanos to the south and east, which make up approximately 60% of the country, are sparsely populated, highlands subject to volcanic eruptions; occasional earthquakes; periodic droughts, volcanism: Galeras (4,276 m) is one of Colombia's most active volcanoes, having erupted in 2009 and 2010 causing major evacuations; it has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; Nevado del Ruiz (5,321 m), 129 km (80 mi) west of Bogota, erupted in 1985 producing lahars (mudflows) that killed 23,000 people; the volcano last erupted in 1991; additionally, after 500 years of dormancy, Nevado del Huila reawakened in 2007 and has experienced frequent eruptions since then; other historically active volcanoes include Cumbal, Dona Juana, Nevado del Tolima, and Purace, only South American country with coastlines on both the North Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea, Mestizo and White 87.6%, Afro-Colombian (includes Mulatto, Raizal, and Palenquero) 6.8%, Amerindian 4.3%, unspecified 1.4% (2018 est.). When we started recognizing there was a problem with BBL, we were faced with the problem of figuring out how to find these people to get word out to them, and unfortunately there was no way to do it.. Dr Papadopoulos said any patients interested in the procedure should research and trust only FRACS-qualified Specialist Plastic Surgeons at accredited and licensed facilities or hospitals. Dr. Crdenas-Camarena and his coauthors analyzed a series of deaths resulting from BBLs performed by legitimate plastic surgeons in Mexico and Colombia She enlisted the sculptural assistance of Dr. Patrick Hsu, a board-certified plastic surgeon in Houston. A police investigation into the death of a foreign tourist (dual British/Swedish national) in Medellin is ongoing as of March 3. In Colombia, when someone has complications or dies after plastic surgery, people often say their vanity killed them as if they were responsible for what happened. )imports: 1.302 billion kWh (2020 est. Sometimes, they just make the mistake of trusting a doctor who scams them with false diplomas which is what happened to me. Forced displacement continues to be prevalent because of violence among guerrillas, paramilitary groups, and Colombian security forces. Experts agree that patients are obliged to investigate in whose hands they put their lives. WebNEAR DEATH EXPERIENCE AFTER BBL IN COLOMBIA | MUKBANG WITH MY SURGERY SISTER !! As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. The lawyer also believes that legislation should change and require centers and doctors to have liability insurance. In the entire state there are 629 licenses of this type, with prices much lower than those obtained in other states. )spirits: 0.92 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. The reason the BBL is so dangerous is fairly straightforward. (The authors proposed that the procedure should be called Safe Subcutaneous Buttock Augmentation instead.). WebYou can contact Dr. Monroy, of the best surgeons in Colombia at [email protected] or call to +57 1 746 78 77 or +57 314 299 7288 in Bogota, Colombia to schedule your appointment. Those cannulas bend, and if they bend when you put them in the buttock you have no idea where the tip of the cannula is, said Dr. Luis Rios, a board-certified plastic surgeon in McAllen, Tex., and past president of The Aesthetic Surgery Education and Research Foundation, the research, education and philanthropic arm of the Aesthetic Society. The Univision team visited four of these centers covertly, requesting information about the surgeries. In his portal, Valls does not appear among those 11 surgeons, however, we contacted the center to request information as potential patients, and they assured us that Valls was available to perform surgeries. In the end they live off their license," Flores said. In all places they assured that none of the surgeries involved risks. Novo also responded about the death of London: "Unfortunately, in 2017 a patient of Dr. Arnaldo Valls died in hospital due to a complication directly related to the risks of plastic surgery. It is much more risky to get a procedure done by one of these doctors. Although these sites appear to be clinical, they are not. as the brain, lung or heart, causing thrombi that kill patients. )methane emissions: 81.52 megatons (2020 est. the person doing the surgery drills a vein under the muscle, causing the fat to enter the blood vessels and travel to vital organs such. There are also no claims against Jolie, whose place in a mall has changed names several times, after reports of at least three deaths. In reality, its these backdoor clinics and a lack of state regulation that kills patients. The owner of the place accused the forensic doctors of inventing the result of the autopsy. Once again, Florida law makes it virtually impossible for those who are marked by this type of surgery to have compensation options. Skirmishing between protesters and police officers in Bogot. Patient safety is the highest priority for plastic surgeons and this multi-society task force is an important and unprecedented collaboration.. Spanish (official) and 65 Amerindian languagesmajor-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de informacin bsica. The surgery lasted about three hours, after which she felt like she had been churned in a Nutribullet. If it had happened in Cuba, but here with so much technology, here everything is perfect. It is Rabbitesque. Death rate of Colombia fell gradually from 8 per 1,000 people in 1972 to 7.7 per 1,000 people in 2021. He suggested a breast reduction ($7,400) and a gluteal enhancement, or Brazilian Butt Lift (BBL), for $9,190 plus anesthesia and facility fees. Journalist Lorena Beltrn was left with massive scarring after a botched operation. )9.96% (2019 est. Because thats what it is: Dead fat. Patients are sometimes injected with illegal substances. Rhinoplasty + Breast Augmentation + Liposuction. These estimates may undercount actual numbers because many internally displaced persons are not registered. note: data are in current year dollars$65.47 billion (2019 est.) Tracking complaints is an almost impossible mission. )exports: 251 million kWh (2020 est. ), $14,600 (2021 est. Jessica Rabbit. Emigration to Spain picked up in the 1990s because of its economic growth, but this flow has since diminished because of Spains ailing economy and high unemployment. )expenditures: $91.73 billion (2017 est. )permanent crops: 1.6% (2018 est. Univision asked to speak with Orlando Llorente, the certified surgeon who operated Galvn, but he did not accept an interview. Anyone can read what you share. In Colombia, there are a lot of backdoor clinics. ), improved: urban: 100% of populationrural: 87.5% of populationtotal: 97.7% of populationunimproved: urban: 0% of populationrural: 12.5% of populationtotal: 2.3% of population (2020 est. ), deforestation resulting from timber exploitation in the jungles of the Amazon and the region of Choc; illicit drug crops grown by peasants in the national parks; soil erosion; soil and water quality damage from overuse of pesticides; air pollution, especially in Bogota, from vehicle emissions, party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whalingsigned, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, particulate matter emissions: 15.24 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est. Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Panama and Venezuela, and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Ecuador and Panama, total: 1,138,910 sq kmland: 1,038,700 sq kmwater: 100,210 sq kmnote: includes Isla de Malpelo, Roncador Cay, and Serrana Bank, slightly less than twice the size of Texas, total: 6,672 kmborder countries (5): Brazil 1,790 km; Ecuador 708 km; Panama 339 km; Peru 1,494 km; Venezuela 2,341 km, 3,208 km (Caribbean Sea 1,760 km, North Pacific Ocean 1,448 km), territorial sea: 12 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nmcontinental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation, tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands, flat coastal lowlands, central highlands, high Andes Mountains, eastern lowland plains (Llanos), highest point: Pico Cristobal Colon 5,730 mlowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 mmean elevation: 593 m, petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, nickel, gold, copper, emeralds, hydropower, agricultural land: 37.5% (2018 est. A NOTORIOUS surgical procedure, known as the Brazilian Butt Lift, is now considered so dangerous that a specialist Aussie task force has been set up to warn women of its risks. ), municipal: 3.49 billion cubic meters (2017 est. A 2020 follow up study found that 94 percent of doctors are aware of the recommendations. They arrived there because a friend of the family had operated there and everything had gone well. (Photo: El Espectador. Univision asked to speak with Orlando Llorente, the certified surgeon who operated Galvn, but he did not accept an interview. ), total subscriptions: 7,248,026 (2020 est. Ms. Dayyani wasnt worried about dying. "Anyone can have a center of this type, and it does not have sanitary regulations because its owner is not a doctor," Dr. Pazmio insists. 80% of the deceased women cited in this work traveled to South Florida from other states or countries, attracted by the huge offer, tempting prices and payment facilities. She had undergone three surgeries in the same day breast implants, liposuction and a reshaping of her buttocks. )$14,600 (2019 est. ), 81.007 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. ), total: 8.5% (2020 est. Although social media has had a huge influence in promoting BBL, especially with celebrities like Kim Kardashian and Jennifer Lopez, the volumes of buttock fat transfer overseas dont necessarily translate to whats going on here in Australia, Dr Papadopoulos said. Dr. (Spanish)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. It slowly migrated north, eventually gaining popularity in the United States around 2010 thanks to Jennifer Lopez, Kim Kardashian and Nicki Minaj, each of whom is revered for her hind. Federico Rios for The New York Times. Event. )$681.844 billion (2020 est. Mass protests continued for a seventh day in Colombia as international groups and celebrities By law, no doctor in the state is required to have insurance against risk. Don't have an account? Inspired by bootylicious celebrities and social media stars such as the Kardashians, Jennifer Lopez and Beyonce, the risky operation has raised alarms after a number of complications and number of deaths. ), total petroleum production: 756,400 bbl/day (2021 est. This price range Friday, February 8, 2019. Galvn's surgery was on June 4, 2018, but it was not until seven months after her mother received the report from the Miami-Dade medical examiner that she confirmed something she already suspected: Adianet died as a result of the surgery. Journalist Lorena Beltrn shows off the scars after her botched operation in 2014. Even if there are always risks associated with surgery, it is crazy to think that patients run higher risks because their doctors are poorly trained. "I'm not interested in money, I'm interested in the guilty party paying to do justice to my daughter's death. Best anti-ageing trick doctor swears by, Pricey cosmetic mistake Aussie women make. In 2020 alone, there were 40,320 buttock augmentations, which include both implants and fat grafting, reports the Aesthetic Society. As for her posterior? Who was in charge of examining the potential patient was a figure called 'coordinator', who is dedicated to recommend what procedures should be done. Anyone who wants to know before undergoing an operation, is practically blind, and can only resort to the reports of some media. Other patients end up in backdoor clinics because they dont know any better. WebRhinoplasty + Breast Augmentation. A BBL-gone-wrong can be fatal, with a 2015 study concluding that deaths are likely caused by damage to blood vessels during surgery, which allows fat to enter the bloodstream. The technique involves removing fat from an area of the body, to pass it to the buttocks area. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 3.5% (2021 est. The Observers - The France 24 Observers is both a website and a TV show focusing on international news through the lens of amateur images. ), revenues: $83.35 billion (2017 est. An Instagram influencer has died at the age of 29 following a botched cosmetic procedure. )agricultural: 6.391 billion cubic meters (2017 est. )exports of goods and services: 14.6% (2017 est. For Pazmio the problem begins with the law and medical professionals. )female: 4.6% (2020 est. You, too, should stay informed on the issue, and when consulting with doctors, dont hesitate to question their approach.. Five of the worlds leading plastic and cosmetic surgery-related organisations have banded together to form an Inter-Society Buttock Fat Grafting Task Force to research complications and deaths associated with BBL. Dr. Pat Pazmio, president of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of Miami, assures that these women die for a specific technique that they have identified, and that some continue to practice right and left, especially in Florida. After four years of formal peace negotiations, the Colombian Government signed a final peace accord with the FARC in November 2016, which was subsequently ratified by the Colombian Congress. In none of the sites the reporter was seen by a doctor. 24B-27, Bogotamailing address: 3030 Bogota Place, Washington DC 20521-3030telephone: [57] (1) 275-2000FAX: [57] (1) 275-4600email address and website: [email protected]://co.usembassy.gov/, three horizontal bands of yellow (top, double-width), blue, and red; the flag retains the three main colors of the banner of Gran Colombia, the short-lived South American republic that broke up in 1830; various interpretations of the colors exist and include: yellow for the gold in Colombia's land, blue for the seas on its shores, and red for the blood spilled in attaining freedom; alternatively, the colors have been described as representing more elemental concepts such as sovereignty and justice (yellow), loyalty and vigilance (blue), and valor and generosity (red); or simply the principles of liberty, equality, and fraternitynote: similar to the flag of Ecuador, which is longer and bears the Ecuadorian coat of arms superimposed in the center, Andean condor; national colors: yellow, blue, red, name: "Himno Nacional de la Republica de Colombia" (National Anthem of the Republic of Colombia)lyrics/music: Rafael NUNEZ/Oreste SINDICInote: adopted 1920; the anthem was created from an inspirational poem written by President Rafael NUNEZ, total World Heritage Sites: 9 (6 cultural, 2 natural, 1 mixed)selected World Heritage Site locales: Chiribiquete National Park (m); Coffee Cultural Landscape of Colombia (c); Historic Center of Santa Cruz de Mompox (c); Los Katos National Park (n); Malpelo Fauna and Flora Sanctuary (n); Tierradentro National Archeological Park (c); San Agustn Archaeological Park (c); Colonial Cartagena (c); Qhapaq an/Andean Road System (c), prior to COVID-19, one of the most consistent growth economies; declining poverty; large stimulus package has mitigated economic fallout, but delayed key infrastructure investments; successful inflation management; sound flexible exchange rate regime; domestic economy suffers from lack of trade integration and infrastructure, $754.645 billion (2021 est. Bilateral Gluteal Augmentation With Hyperdilute Calcium Hydroxylapatite Microspheres Performed Using the Bella Vida Instant Brazilian Butt Lift (BBL) TM. Everything was in vain, and I'm in the United States, where the laws are supposed to be fulfilled. (Photo: El Espectador.). )nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. When properly done, when carefully done, it is safe, said Dr. Steven Teitelbaum, a board-certified plastic surgeon in Santa Monica who was involved in drafting the guidelines, but does not perform the surgery. Medelln, Colombia "Dr. Garca is such a great professional, I am very pleased with my hair implant surgery. )exports: 69.861 million metric tons (2020 est. Even with the Colombian Governments December 2016 peace agreement with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), the risk of displacement remains as other rebel groups fill the void left by the FARC. In total, Ledn paid $ 13,000 for his surgeries, but after the emergencies, he ended up in debt in almost 30,000 to heal the damages left by the surgery. Univision Noticias. Valls is forbidden to do that technique, but continues practicing others in the center Jolie, who did not have any sanctions for the death of London. as it happened to Adianet Galvn. Venezuelas political and economic crisis since 2015, however, has created a reverse flow, consisting largely of Colombians returning home. The postmortem findings from the deceased patients showed two common causes of death following a BBL: 1) fat within and beneath the gluteal muscles, and 2) )3.19% (2019 est. Fitch rating: BBB- (2020)Moody's rating: Baa2 (2014)Standard & Poors rating: BBB- (2017)note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained. )carbon dioxide emissions: 97.81 megatons (2016 est. )3.1% of GDP (2019)3.1% of GDP (2018)3.2% of GDP (2017), approximately 260,000 total active troops (200,000 Army; 45,000 Navy, including about 20,000 marines; 14,000 Air Force); approximately 170,000 National Police (2022), the military's inventory includes a wide mix of equipment from a variety of suppliers, including Canada, Europe, Israel, South Korea, and the US; Colombia's defense industry is active in producing air, land, and naval platforms (2022), 18-24 years of age for compulsory (men) and voluntary (men and women) military service; conscript service obligation is 18 months; conscripted soldiers reportedly include regular soldiers (conscripts without a high school degree), drafted high school graduates (bachilleres), and rural (campesino) soldiers who serve in their home regions (2022)note: in 2020, conscripts reportedly comprised about 50% of the Colombian military's active force with approximately 60-90,000 conscripts brought into the military annually, as of 2022, the Colombian Armed Forces were primarily focused on internal security, particularly counter-narcotics, counter-terrorism, and counterinsurgency operations against drug traffickers, militants from several factions of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and National Liberation Army (ELN) terrorist/guerrilla organizations, and other illegal armed groups; the Colombian Government signed a peace agreement with the FARC in 2016, but some former members (known as dissidents) have returned to fighting (note - these dissident groups include the designated terrorist groups Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - People's Army or FARC-EP and Segunda Marquetalia; see Appendix T); the Colombian military resumed operations against FARC dissidents and their successor paramilitary groups in late 2019; in 2017, the Colombian Government initiated formal peace talks with the ELN, but in January 2019, the government suspended the peace talks shortly after the ELN exploded a car bomb at the National Police Academy in Bogot and resumed counter-terrorism/counterinsurgency operations against the group; operations against the FARC dissident groups and the ELN continued into 2022, although the Colombian Government resumed talks with ELN in November 2022; the military was also focused on the security challenges posed by its neighbor, Venezuela, where instability has attracted narcotics traffickers and both the ELN and FARC dissidents, including FARC-EP and Segunda Marquetalia, operate openly, the International Maritime Bureau reports the territorial waters of Colombia are a risk for armed robbery against ships; in 2021, six attacks against commercial vessels were reported, an increase over the single attack in 2020; most of these occurred in the main port of Cartagena while ships were berthed or at anchor, National Liberation Army (ELN); Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - People's Army (FARC-EP); Segunda Marquetalianote: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in Appendix-T, in December 2007, ICJ allocated San Andres, Providencia, and Santa Catalina islands to Colombia under 1928 Treaty but did not rule on 82 degrees W meridian as maritime boundary with Nicaragua; managed dispute with Venezuela over maritime boundary and Venezuelan-administered Los Monjes Islands near the Gulf of Venezuela; Colombian-organized illegal narcotics, guerrilla, and paramilitary activities penetrate all neighboring borders and have caused Colombian citizens to flee mostly into neighboring countries; Colombia, Honduras, Nicaragua, Jamaica, and the US assert various claims to Bajo Nuevo and Serranilla Bank, refugees (country of origin): 1,842,390 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or received alternative legal stay) (2022)IDPs: 8,258,460 (conflict between government and illegal armed groups and drug traffickers since 1985) (2022)stateless persons: 11 (2022), Colombia is the worlds top cocaine producer; exports and is a source of heroin and marijuana; coca cultivation was estimated at 245,000 hectares (ha) in 2020; potential pure cocaine production reached 1,010 metric tons in 2020, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education), International law organization participation, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Refugees and internally displaced persons, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI).