by [email protected], D. low, You notice that your niece is unusually persistent when working on her homework. B. rage Psychology questions and answers. to underestimate the number of other. B. small, non-competitive university D. see ourselves as better than the average person, D. see ourselves as better than the average person, According to Wilson and Gilbert (2003), people have the greatest difficulty predicting _______ of their future emotions. Many people don't quit smoking despite all the negative health information available. The false consensus effect refers to the tendency for people to. ", In theory, it would be possible for a child to have a script of. comprises his or her: Please select the correct language below. How did Asch's study prove the concept of normative social influence? To Mr. Yipol's astonishment, though, the students actually perform worse this time. D. social comparison, Your best friend earned a grade of F on her latest physics exam, and believes it was because the professor wrote a very difficult exam. B. we are more vulnerable to depression Milgram's Electric Shock study tests the concept of obedience. . D. it depends on what state they live in, When facing competition, we often protect our self-concept by perceiving: He also drives a Ferrari and a Lamborghini, and only stays at top-tier hotels like the Ritz Carlton and the Four Seasons. Attitudes are evaluative reactions toward things, events, and other people. When it comes to predicting the intensity and duration of our future emotions, research indicates that most people A. anger Suppose that Greg and Marsha both apply for a prestigious scholarship program, and both get rejected. If you have a schema about graduate students, then. Research indicates that the topic people think about MOST is. D. knowing others better than we know ourselves, In what type of culture would a threat to our personal identity (such as having someone tell us we are dumb or weird) cause us to be more upset than a threat to our collective identity (such as having someone ridicule students)? Mr. X thinks that George W. Bush became president of the U.S. becauseeven though he is not that brilliant or talentedhe made a real effort to campaign well in both 2000 and 2004. B. self-serving bias characteristics and abilities. A. self-handicapping What is the difference between compliance and obedience? The fact that men and women report having had very different numbers of sex partners can be almost completely explained by the fact that men have engaged in more homosexual sex. She then goes ahead and orders a deluxe chocolate milkshake. Explain. By choosing (b), however, most people are committing, As a child, the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy was once challenged by his older brother to remain standing in a corner until he could stop thinking of a white bear. C. focused on having positive relationships A. collective narcissism C. U.S. children today report more positive self-feelings than those growing up in the 1960s and 1970s When asked whether it is more likely that Roger is (a) ridiculously rich, or (b) both ridiculously rich and someone who wears designer clothes, most people answer (b). C. social ratings A. Joel who lives in Hawaii carefully and rationally thinks about each and every decision. B. conservative B. self-handicapping D. have no idea, Most people perceive themselves as: According to Harold Kelley's attribution theory, in determining what type of attribution to make for this event, one of the questions you are likely to ask yourself is: "Has Gus ever given me a 'bad check' before?" B. raise; increase C. a social comparison D. nothing, there terms are synonymous, B. narcissists lack an interest in others, According to Myers, we are prone to "impact bias," or _______ the impact of emotion-causing events (such as finding out the results after being tested for HIV). As described in the textbook, current theory and research suggests that humans may have evolved to have especially large and powerful brains largely in order to, When buying a new car, people tend to look at statistical information and case history information. the false uniqueness effect. B. looking-glass self C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual Social psychology is the study of people in a group. D. self-efficacy, According to the self-serving bias, we tend to attribute our successes to ______ and our losses to _______. A. less intelligent than others The _________ is also known as the better-than-average effect and the Lake Wobegon effect. the false uniqueness effect. D. self-serving bias, Studies of "affective forecasting" required participants to predict their future: Because our central aim was to The idea that people project . D. collectivists are more likely to downward social comparisons than individualists, D. collectivists are more likely to downward social comparisons than individualists, Research has found that when prisoners are given some control over their environments, such as being able to move chairs and operate the lights, they tend to: D)Failing your first social psychology exam. Counterregulation occurs when people indulge in a behavior they are trying to regulate after an initial regulation failure. -both as a result of graduate training involving statistical reasoning, and when they are encouraged to carefully consider different alternatives. D. individualism, Doug explained his "A" in biology as being the result of hard work and intelligence. One thing you ask yourself is whether you have ever seen him explode in anger at anyone else, or in other kinds of situations. If you make an external attribution for this event, then you might well be thinking, "So what! In pronouncement of 18, the fallacy in this statement has too many questions. B. for Japanese college students, happiness comes with positive social engagement B. loci of control A. hoped-for possible self Why? B. poor self-efficacy A. decreases Marshabecause of the simulation heuristic, Suppose that you are a landlord for an apartment building, and one of your tenants, Gus, has just paid his rent with a "bad check" (i.e., you tried to deposit his rent check in the bank, but the check "bounced" and was returned to you). That is, it can be __________ in different ways. )names which are in all cases written in "non-matching" colors of ink (e.g., the word "green" might be written in red ink, while the word "red" might be written in yellow ink)and to identify, as quickly as possible, the color in which each word is written. Attribution is the process by which people explain their own behavior and the behavior of others. A. chance; skill D. low, Carmen was assigned a term paper at the start of her Social Psychology class. The field of social cognition first emerged in the __________ as __________. D. lower; increase, People with high self-esteem and narcissism are _____. A. protecting one's self-image by creating an excuse for later failure. This could be an example of: It makes you feel better to see how you did in comparison to other students. The false uniqueness effect is the tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities and successful behaviors. . Even though Vlad never actually exercises, you have always assumed that he is an athlete because he hangs around at the gym (like other athletes), drinks bottled water nonstop, and wears sweat suits everywhere. A. internal B. self-monitoring Giving priority to the goals of one's group, such as one's family or workplace, and defining one's identity accordingly is called: When we accommodate and adjust to personal injuries, romantic breakups, and exam failures, we cope more readily than we would expect. It is the tendency to be unduly optimistic than pessimistic about future life events. Suls and Wan (1987) extend the motivational account and propose that false uniqueness can contribute to one's self esteem She figured it would only take two days to write the paper so she did not start it until two days before it was due. B. unrealistic optimism. She is trying to take her mind off of her ex-boyfriend, though, and to focus her attention on other things instead. Even though you are not actually ill at all, as you walk home from the hospital you do so with a slight limp, and begin lightly coughing. How does the "That's-not-all" compliance technique work? A. personality That is, you might __________ and rely on the __________. B. skill; chance the false uniqueness effect is quizletfeathered friend questions and answers. The false- uniqueness effect can be compared to the false-consensus effect. Jules hated the book, and seems to feel that the reviewer also hated it. A. independent self Click the card to flip . A. false consensus. D. submission, Practice that forms new habits, albeit slowly, tends to change what type of attitudes? This thought is an example of, The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as, Within the field of social cognition, scripts can be thought of as, A well-known test used in psychological research plays on the distinction between automatic and controlled processing. How does the "low-ball" compliance technique work? C. successfully predict C. self-worth D. adjusting one's behavior in response to external situations to create the desired impression, D. adjusting one's behavior in response to external situations to create the desired impression, You have tried to study for an exam with flashcards, with a friend, and with your notes - all to no avail. C. attempting to present a favorable image to an external audience Moving to another question will save this response. Fritz Heider analyzed what he called "common sense psychology"the ways in which people explain everyday events. Research on __________ is concerned with the explanations that people come up with to account for everyday events. For example, if I enjoy eating chocolate ice cream cones, I will tend to . This bias is often measured by looking at the difference between estimates that people make about how many of their peers share a certain trait or behaviour and the actual . A. failure and distance ourselves from success Suppose that you meet an old man named Al. False; State True or False: ANCOVA is often used to test the null hypothesis of no intervention effect in the context of an impact evaluation using pretest-post test control-group design with a continuous dependent variable. Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. We'll bring you back here when you are done. C. internal locus of control Business Driven Technology Quizlet. The False Uniqueness Effect suggests that we are not so accurate after all. 1 / 36. You begin to feel that you should give up, as whatever you do does not seem to help your exam scores. D. other-centered, The extent to which we evaluate our abilities and opinions by comparing ourselves to others is called: How can you change an implicit attitude? D. no different about their speech, B. better about their speech and appearance, Which of the following is FALSE? Cram has partnered with the National Tutoring Association. When most people think of the concept "sleeping," they also tend to think about concepts like "dreaming," "being tired," and "yawning." B. low self-esteem This is an example of: C. self-esteem This study explored which concept mentioned in the text? Your mind races to determine whether to make an internal attribution ("Is this guy just crazy?") D. either excel or fail, depending on the situation, Mark knows that he is an excellent liar but he doesn't feel very good about himself in general. A. strong their undesirable characteristics, their desirable characteristics, The ultimate attribution error refers to the tendency for people to make internal attributions to explain, When people want to suppress a thought, the conscious mind works to. C. narcissists are more outgoing than those high in self-esteem A. strong persuasion B. self-schema Introducing Cram Folders! The False Consensus Effect influences the way we . to underestimate the number of other. people who share one's most prized. Your general understanding of what a tropical island is all about is MOST clearly an example of, Harold Kelley's attribution theory is sometimes called, The state of having too much information to make a decision or remain informed about a topic is known as, According to the false consensus effect, most people. B. self-handicapping [1] In social psychology, pluralistic ignorance (also known as a collective illusion) [2] is a phenomenon which occurs when people mistakenly believe that everyone else holds a different opinion than their own. 10/17/2017. keep a lookout for anything that might remind them of the unwanted thought. One of your professors has apparently just lost his job. What are the three situational factors that impact conformity? C. relationships. C. peaks and then drops sharply C. high self-efficacy Before the rise of social cognition, the field of social psychology was dominated by, When people make internal, stable attributions for others' successes or failures, these attributions tend to concern questions of, When people want to suppress a thought, the automatic mind works to. A. it helps protect us from depression -the false uniqueness effect-the "above average" effect-the false consensus effect. Economics chapter 2 section 1 assessment quizlet 2 The. Later, Joe learnsthat his sister's opinion was based on the fact that her boyfriend from "up north" recently dumped her. Individuals tend to think that their attributes and traits are more uncommon and rare than they actually are. Suppose that Dorothy and Tim are out to lunch together, and both are on restricted-calorie diets. The false uniqueness effect is: Coin tossing is a guessing game or by luck to see which comes up, heads or ta Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards; Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card; audio not yet available for this language. C. fear Suppose that the campus newspaper publishes an article about it, invoking external, stable attributions. Bem's Self-Perception Theory proposes that when we are unsure of our attitudes, we use our behavior to infer our attitude. A. high; high external attributions, internal attributions. D. traditionalists; progressives, When it comes to predicting the intensity and duration of our future emotions, research indicates that most people: -consistency, consensus, and distinctiveness. Why is it that when we try not to think of something, we end up imagining exactly that? This best illustrates the ____ effect. the illusory correlation. She figured it would only take two days to write the paper so she did not start it until two days before it was due. 8% of girls born in the United States in 2010 received one of the 10 most common names they tend to ignore that information, or else the information sparks conscious thought about the topic at hand. C. immune neglect A. the anticipation of problems to motive effective action the tendencey to overestimate the commonality of one's opinions and one's undesirable or unsuccessful behaviors. A. underestimate A. transparency effect She is convinced that everyone knows it was her. Greg finds out that his application was flat out rejected (he never had a chance), while Marsha finds out that she was the first runner up (she nearly won). That is, you make use of, The automatic system of the duplex mind makes use of a series of mental shortcuts in order to obtain quick information about the likelihood of different outcomes. The false consensus effect in social psychology is a cognitive bias in which people overestimate how much others share their beliefs and behaviours. C. self-esteem How does the just-world-hypothesis explain fundamental attribution error? He tells Kirk, If you dont start working out soon, you are going to die young and leave your children without a father! Dr. Canne is using a(n). Benjamin would likely receive a high score on a scale measuring: However, if this attempted thought suppression results in ironic processing, then Yesi will end up. Social psychologists use the term __________ to refer to activating a concept in mind. The so-called illusory correlation can MOST directly help explain. She rarely claims that she is unable to complete an assignment and is academically successful. C. self-efficacy In this study, participants were asked to read an essay that was supposedly written by another student. The false-uniqueness effect is an attributional type of cognitive bias in social psychology that describes how people tend to view their qualities, traits, and personal attributes as unique when in reality they are not. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Giving priority to the goals of one's group, such as one's family or workplace, and defining one's identity accordingly is called: A. cooperation B. communality C. collectivism D. groupthink, When we accommodate and adjust to personal injuries, romantic breakups, and exam failures, we cope more readily than we would expect . D. punishment and distance ourselves from rewards. Most psychology research has used middle-class White American respondents. Juanita's answer describes her: -people rely on irrational thinking the vast majority of the time, but are still capable of engaging in careful, conscious thought when they need to make important decisions. B. we are more vulnerable to depression What differentiates a narcissist from someone high in self-esteem quizlet? A. liberal False Uniqueness Effect. The simulation heuristic tends to invoke __________ thinking. Juanita answers, "I am friendly, a student, and very religious." C. more positively In short, we take credit for our successes but not for our failures. B. self-concept It could apply to opinions, values, beliefs or behaviours . The teacher is probably trying to. Basically, you feel less restraint and you forget about moral values and act spontaneously. A. poor self-control A. protecting one's self-image by creating an excuse for later failure the difference between automatic and controlled thinking. D. an internal locus of control, Carmen was assigned a term paper at the start of her Social Psychology class. This test is known as. D. neither you nor the people who know you can predict your behaviors or the fates of your relationships, C. the people who know you can probably predict your behaviors better than you, You prefer that professors post exam scores (by identification number), rather than returning them individually. She rarely claims that she is unable to complete an assignment and is academically successful. Language is richer in situation-type terms than trait terms. Argh!" D. variable (depending on if it is related to school or not), Amelia is highly embarrassed because she passed gas in class today. C. the right hemisphere That is, one of the things you ask about is. C. progressives; traditionalists upward counterfactuals, downward counterfactuals, The belief that one should not change an answer on a test, even if additional consideration h as led one to believe another answer might be the correct one, is called the. Paul commutes to and from work each day. Later, his fianc tells him that her parents were unimpressed with him. D. explicit, An example of how social comparisons can actually breed misery, rather than satisfaction, is when we; participants made the fundamental attribution error for both types of essays. commit the base rate fallacy, representativeness heuristic, People tend to attribute their own behaviors to situational factors, but to attribute others' behaviors to dispositional factors. The opposite of a cognitive miser would be someone who. D. variable (depending on if it is related to school or not), The truth concerning self-efficacy encourages us not to resign ourselves to bad situations. The false consensus effect is the tendency people have to overestimate how much other people agree with their own beliefs, behaviors, attitudes, and values. Put Quizlet study sets to work when you prepare for tests in False Uniqueness Effect and other concepts today. D. individualism, Baumeister (2003) reported that people who engaged in sexual activity at an early age, teen gang leaders, terrorists, and men in prison for committing violent crimes tend to possess: If you ask Raquel about her stocks, she makes self-serving attributions; she says: "I was very clever to invest in that first company, but I just had bad luck losing so much money with the other one." D. genetics, The truth concerning self-efficacy encourages us not to resign ourselves to bad situations. The student is very independent and outspoken on their first meeting. C. average FALSE- UNIQUENESS EFFECT: "Some individuals with an inflated ego would 'suffer' from the false uniqueness effect . Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like After reading a story in the local newspaper about a recent robbery in the downtown area, Kerry remarks, "I'm not surprised he was robbed. This is an example of a. self-affimation b. social learning theory C. operant conditioning assortative mating o boon- 13. Similarly, instead of seeing two dogs, such people might see "a small tan animal with fur and a large brown object with its tongue hanging out." Confucius just fell down a flight of stairs. More conformity is observed from a person that is of lesser status than the other group members. She had assumed that everyone felt as she did and supported her candidate's ideas. Although he has just slowed his vehicle to the speed limit, he considers himself the "only one on the road" who is obeying the speed limit. C. thoughts B. negative Most psychology research has used middle-class White American respondents. D. neither individual achievement nor relationships. A. strong D. either excel or fail, depending on the situation. the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors. B)Turning down the opportunity to help out at the local homeless shelter. Which of the following is the BEST example of a schema? Obedience to authority is ingrained in us all from the way we are brought up. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Development, Life-Span Approach, Normative age graded influences and more. D. we can't explain that bad things happen to good people, A. effort and fewer self-doubts will help us succeed, John is nervous about his tennis match, but he still stays out late instead of getting a good night's sleep the night before the match. A. self-concept; self-schema According to research on the actor-observer effect, people have a tendency to make relatively more __________ for their own behaviors but relatively more __________ for others' behaviors. the tendency. If you made an internal, unstable attribution for Roger's promotion, then you might think to yourself, "Roger probably worked really hard to get that promotion!". The actor-observer bias refers to a tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes, while attributing other people's behaviors to internal causes. In Asch's study, the correct answer/behavior was obvious and when making such judgments alone, almost no mistakes were made. They make similar predictions, but the FAE focuses on attributions that we make about others, while the AOE concerns attributions that we make about others AND attributions that we make about ourselves. B. low self-esteem Lesbians actually have extremely low rates of AIDS, but people tend to associate lesbians with gay men (who have relatively high rates). The false-uniqueness effect is an attributional type of cognitive bias in social psychology that describes how people tend to view their qualities, traits, and personal attributes as unique when in reality they are not. He answers question #31 with D but isnt sure about it. magical thinking. C. the people who know you can probably predict your behaviors better than you They tend to guide our behavior when the attitudes are ones that we feel strongly about, when we are consciously aware of our attitudes, and when outside influences on our behavior are not strong. B. self-aggrandizement Which of the following is most likely to trigger a false uniqueness effect in your thinking? C. individuality A. compare ourselves to close friends illusory correlation. B. collectivistic In other words. C. Keith who lives in Oregon A. high self-esteem The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as the conjunction fallacy. In Bargh, Chen, and Burrows (1996), participants who were in the rude priming condition were more likely to. Infosys Interview Questions and Answers Infosys. That is, one of the things you are likely to ask about is, Roger is a member of his town's most exclusive country club. 90%; 41% D. emotions, Which of the following is false? According to Harold Kelley's attribution theory, people are MOST likely to make internal attributions for others' behaviors when. If we persist despite initial failures: Zimbardo's study shows that even emotionally stable, normal young educated people are vulnerable to the power of the situation roles (police, prison guard). In that class, the teacher works with students to help them identify the criteria they use to make decisions, and points out how some of the criteria might not produce the desired outcomes. D. the self-handicapping effect. mate, we observe the false consensus effect. Thus, people tend to think that they see a lesbian-AIDS relationship when in fact there is no such relationship. A. internal -You are trying not to think about the fact that you made a fool of yourself at a party last weekend, but the more you try not to think about it, the more the thought keeps popping into your head. [3] A. you are the best predictor of your behaviors B. compare ourselves to strangers In an observational study, statisticians impose a treatment on the subjects. B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events -men and women seem to use different techniques to count sex partners, and seem to define "sex" slightly differently. A. view others as superior C. the self-deprecating bias B. experience more stress D. headlight effect, Greenberg (2008) argues that, to manage their fear of death and feel that their lives are not in vain, people seek to pursue self-esteem by meeting the standards of their society. C. hoped-for possible selves; feared possible selves C. average B. external A knowledge structure that contains information about a concept and its relationship to other concepts (e.g., a structure that contains information about judges and how judges relate to lawyers, criminals, the general public, and so forth) is known as, Research shows that people tend to engage in fewer cognitive errors and biases in everyday thinking. A. transparency B. audience C. spotlight D. halo, 2. B. it makes us feel less vulnerable to risks such as AIDS D. undecided, _______ is defined as the beliefs about the self that organize and guide the processing of self-relevant information. False consensus effect: When we overestimate how much other people share our perspective or preferences.