(Photo by Drew A. Kelley, Contributing . He graduated from South High School in 1988. This measures the proficiency on state exams among typically underperforming subgroups. Get good rest and prioritize questions that have answers you know, experts say. Phone: 533-4352 x7425 The schools namesake, Dr. Kurt T. Shery, was a practicing physician with an office on Sartori Avenue, in downtown Torrance. Course Outlines are developed with the cooperation of industry representatives from the career area for which the courses are designed. (WLEX, WAAY, KATV, JAMEY BRADSHAW, TONY SERIO, PAUL SOLO, WDIV, CNN) (AP) - The winter-weary Northeast and . Legacy invites Read More, Resident of Anaheim, California May 13, 1927- May 31, 2021 WWll Veteran, U.S. Navy Submarine Service Clifford (Cliff) B. Murr, longtime Anaheim resident passed away peacefully on May 31, 2021. Kurt T. Shery High School (Torrance . This group was formed in order to provide a space to remember those who attended and those who guided students through South High School in Torrance. 19-14 (W) Torrance vs. Burroughs. Beyond these successes, I am most proud of the valuable lessons, good sportsmanship, and dedication that come with these experiences. PLEASE READ ALL ANNOUNCEMENTS as a FYI for this. By the third week, that number was 132. If students didnt complete their work by the time they were 18, they were eligible to transfer to El Camino College to finish. Bob was a native son, born Read More, Submit an obit for publication in any local newspaper and on Legacy. Valley Baptist Church 5500 Olive Dr. Bakersfield, 93308 Deveril went to be with the Lord, December, 7 2022 after a courageous 17 month battle with brain Read More, TRAVIS MABRY September 10, 1950 December 16, 2022 Travis was born September 10, 1950, in Clarksville, Texas to Matt and Doris Mabry and later moved to Bakersfield, California when Matt remarried to Helen Harrington. Shery allowed me the chance to graduate from high school at a time when my chances to do so otherwise were looking pretty bleak. 12. We understand the importance of not only providing our students with theory-based instruction but the opportunity to apply that knowledge through hands-on learning activities. The whole process, including uploading a current, valid physical exam, must be completed before participation in our programs (this is not needed for the SHS Summer Programs). $90.99. He attended Gulf Avenue Elementary School. Head Coach: Raffe Paulis Brian passed unexpectedly in a traffic incident and our family greatly mourns his loss. They could work at their own pace and were not competing with their classmates for grades. Los Angeles Times archives. ___________________________________________________________. Email:[email protected], Boys Tennis 516. Email: [email protected] About I was a camper at UCLA . If you are interested in participaing, fill out the form HERE. 4-1 (L) South @ Garces Memorial. I am thrilled that you have chosen SoCal ROC to pursue your career interest. The districts fifth high school moved into eight portable bungalows at 2600 Vine St. Its official name became Kurt T. Shery High School when it opened for the first day of school on Sept. 13, 1967, to 70 students. This photo can be changed by your Class Administrator. Linda was a Read More, Emelynn Hornbeck's passing on Friday, December 16, 2022 has been publicly announced by Murrieta Valley Funeral Home in Murrieta, CA. National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day CommemorationDecember 7 @ 7:50 am - 9:15 amPearl Harbor Visitor Center, 1 Arizona Memorial Place USS Oklahoma Memorial CeremonyDecember 7 @ 1:30 pm - 2:30 pm Hours before the tragic wreck, Jesse Esphorst Jr. had just hit a . More than three years later, the collaboration continues to provide Torrance Memorial patients with convenient, local access to leading-edge treatments . If you are unable to get an appointment with your doctor, there are a number of low-cost options available in our area. South Torrance High School is a California Distinguished school located in South Torrance, California South Torrance High School: Athletics | Athletics Skip to Main Content School Locator | Contact 310-533-4352 COVID-19 Dashboard & Information Facebook (opens in new window) Twitter (opens in new window) Instagram (opens in new window) Apply to Customer Service Account Representative, City Clerk, Law Enforcement Officer and more! . The art project was funded by a Pegasus Award from Exxon Mobil. This group was formed in order to provide a space to remember those who attended and those who guided students through South High School in Torrance. Salvador Hernandez is a reporter on the Fast Break Desk, the Los Angeles Times breaking news team. He graduated from South High School in 1988. Build your foundation to your future with an exciting career pathway at SoCal ROC's School of Engineering and Design. Angel's Gate Continuation High School (LAUSD): 3607 Gaffey St., San Pedro. The Lord called her home after a 9 year battle of Stage 4 Melanoma Brain Cancer and a Traumatic Brain Read More, May 27, 1932 - November 19, 2022 Charles Richard Slater passed away on November 19th, 2022 at his Hermosa Beach home surrounded by much love and many loved ones. Inglewood Continuation High School (Inglewood Unified): 441 W. Hillcrest Blvd., Inglewood. These counts and percentages of students and teachers are from data reported by schools to the government. Our programs have a rich history, including 238 league titles, 24 CIF-SS Team Championships, and 3 Southern California Regional Championships. Tuesday, May 23rdwill be our annual Meet the Coaches Summer Information and Registration Night at 6pm in the SHS Cafeteria. CHRIS) August 1, 1951 - September 27, 2021 Christine Faz (Gonzales) went home to walk the streets of gold with our Lord on September 27, 2021. Report this profile Report Report. EVENT: South Bay Lexus' 5th Annual Food Drive Event. He was born on August 8, 1961 to Edward and Sue Worley in Concord, CA. Evan now resides in a place where there is no more pain or suffering. In 2017, the 2016-17 Advanced Dance Team became state champions at the USA State Championship, while also placing first in several divisions at USA Regionals. The AP participation rate at South High School is 58%. Barbara was born on August 2, 1927 in Long Beach, California, the sixth of ten children born to Florence Butte and David Leon Eynon. Ernest was born November 7, 1935 in Bellflower, California to Jesus and Agapita Mata. Rafu Staff Report. Dec 3: vs Segerstrom | Won 66 -23. South High School Torrance. Please check the scholarship opportunities below. 13. . Email: [email protected] 2022 Arcadia SMR 1600 Invitational Champions and New School Record! Head Coach: Cassie Harris Daily Breeze archives. Byron was born in Chico, California on May 31, 1973. Specifically Mrs. Fournier. MAR. She was born to Marie Fox McCabe and Millard Francis McCabe. Raised in Torrance Read More, Charles "Chuck" Herbert Blaine Turner died on January 24, 2022, after a long battle with lung cancer. Evan now resides in a place where there is no pain or suffering. It currently serves children south of Sepulveda, west of Hawthorne and north of Lomita Boulevard. It is important to remember that incidents of gun violence and senseless tragedy can impact students and adults. This group was formed in order to provide a space to remember those who attended and those who guided students through South High School in Torrance. PF 56 PA 21 STREAK 2L. The Utah high school list includes stats to compare schools in the area. South High School enrolls nearly 2,000 students. Website:Basketball Site, Girls Water Polo We hope to see you at an SHS Athletic contest soon! George was the youngest of nine children born Read More, ERIC DARNELL WISDOM July 22, 1970 November 18, 2022 Eric Darnell Wisdom was born July 22, 1970 in Bakersfield, CA to MaryAnn Johnson Barnett. Born in Chadron, Nebraska, Russ moved to Torrance, CA with his family during the Great Depression. South High School is a public high school in Torrance, California. South High School is Great good fortune was mine from that at-home birth, merely yards from the banks Read More, I'm dead took the last bus out December 9, 2021. South High School Soccer; South Soccer. Jamie Jimenez is the schools current principal. - Kyle Sears, head coach of the Elkhart High School boys varsity basketball team, has resigned from his position after 15 years, according to Elkhart . Elsa Jean Wildermuth was born on January 27, 1931 in Pine Ridge, South Dakota Read More, VINCENT FLOYD BAKICH May 23, 1961 May 24, 2022 Vince Bakich died unexpectedly on May 24, 2022, at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center with his wife, Sandy by his side. Website: SHS Water Polo, Wrestling Some of the girls in the video are now students at South High School. 2001 South High School Yearbook from Torrance CA. He Read More, RUSSELL RUSS KOMINITSKY January 20, 1934 - May 25, 2021 Russell Kominitsky, age 87, of Bakersfield, CA passed away peacefully on May 25, 2021 in Bakersfield where he resided for 59 years. Chuck graduated from Torrance High School and attended El Camino College. Russell was born in Coaldale, near his hometown of Nesquehoning, a son of Nicholas Kominitsky and Julia (Fetsurka) Kominitsky. Acad. within California. All course outlines are approved by the Board of Education and certified by the California Department of Education. James Kroptavich. Frost will be the celebrant. Permanent Representative to the United Nations, "Torrance's South High School comes to life in the late 1950s", Children of Japanese Executives Flock to Special Classrooms, "Skaterdater: the story of the world's first skateboard movie". . Expand. Torrance High School is a popular filming location for television and . Thank you in advance for your generosity and support! Back Submit. Together, we mourn and celebrate the lives of Tartars who have passed, but whose legacies persist. South High School opened in September 1957 and moved to a new campus in January, 1958 with 20 buildings and 106 classrooms. She was born in Long Beach, CA, attended Torrance High School and graduated from. [4], In 1980 Asahi Gakuen, a weekend Japanese-language education institution, began renting space in South Torrance High School. This shows this school's student participation and performance on these exams if data were available. Proficient in Mathematics (district average), Subject Proficiency Comparison(Reading vs. We are the leaders in providing current and relevant Career Technical Education programs that are meeting todays job demands and careers of the future! Joseph Anzack Jr. During a public memorial service at South High Football. He passed on December 23 2022 following a prolonged illness. Back Submit. in English literature from the University of California, Riverside, and a Master's degree in library science from UCLA. Email:[email protected] South High School enrolls nearly 2,000 students. KCAL-TV Channel 9 reported that someone sent a Black student the video of the girls yelling a slur, followed by text messages telling the student to kill themselves, that they didnt fit in and to Go back to Africa.. He attended Read More, FRANK ALVAREZ February 14, 1942 - December 3, 2021 Frank was born in Bakersfield, California, on February 14, 1942, to Joe and Mary Alvarez and passed away December 3, 2021, in Bakersfield, CA. Public secondary school in Torrance, California, USA, Learn how and when to remove this template message, weekend Japanese-language education institution, U.S. He was born in Torrance, California to Sanford Albert Whiting and Mary Elizabeth Whiting on November 21, 1931. Moneta Continuation School (LAUSD): 17951 Budlong Ave., Gardena. 1 of 6 high schools Website accessibility policy; He attended Torrance High School (graduating in 1949), where he played Read More, Robert Little (Coach) 1937 - 2020 Bob passed into Eternal Life on Jan. 31, 2020. At the age of eighteen, she married her high school love, Jim. 5850 Granite Parkway, Suite 600 Plano, Texas 75024 Phone: 469.694.1754 New Inquiries: 877.448.4747 Career Opportunities: [email protected] Fax: 818.758.8015 . Lots of career training courses are available! Head Coach: Ken Hance [email protected] 310-533-4352 X7320, Cross Country south high high school torrance 373.6K views Discover short videos related to south high high school torrance on TikTok. Legacy Read More, March 15, 1943 - May 28, 2022 I'm writing this message about my BEST FRIEND, my PARTNER and the LOVE of my LIFE--JIM HILL. It was at Adam City High School that Don met the love of his life, Lois Duggan (Dugg). He was the oldest of three children born to a family that eventually Read More, DAVID A. WORLEY August 8, 1961 July 29, 2021 David A. Worley 59, passed away on July 29, 2021. . 248 Results Thursday, February 9, 2023 Add Photos 2 Memories Joseph L. Greynolds JOSEPH L GREYNOLDS 1942 2023 Joseph was born to Thomas and Florence. Hot www.alumniclass.com. PLEASE READ ALL ANNOUNCEMENTS as a FYI for. He was the eldest of 12 children. When Frank was twelve his family moved to Torrance California. It has 2,110 students in grades 9th through 12th. As background, the video was made about five years ago and away from school, and is now causing harm and hurt.. South High Grad to Be Remembered at Celebration of Life in Torrance by Rafu Reports 10/22/2014 Rafu Staff Report TORRANCE A celebration of Lisa Sayaka Nakamaru's life will be held on Saturday, Oct. 25, at 11 a.m. at South Bay Community Church, 2549 W. 190 th St. in Torrance. About. She passed away at the age of 60 in Chicago, IL on August 23, 2022, after enduring a valiant 8 year battle with cancer. Janis Sullivan (Tores) Cheryl Waters. On December 16, 2022, Travis was called home by his Lord & Savior Read More, GEORGE LUCIEN RICHAUD December 11, 1932 November 30, 2022 A Mass of Christian Burial will be held on December 15, 2022, at 10:00 AM for George Lucien Richaud at Christ the King Church. Read more about how we rank the Best High Schools. You have benefitted so many high school alumni in organizing their class reunions." Lonnie Languis. SOUTH HIGH TRACK & FIELD Congratulations to our CIF Division 2 Finalists! Picture Information. Get one-on-one help building your admissions strategy from CollegeAdvisor's team of over 400+ Admissions Experts. Continuation high schools are much misunderstood. Athletics [ edit] . Romaine graduated from Visalia High School in 1951 Read More, DAVID PATRICK (PAT) GILLETT November 20, 1952 - December 21, 2021 Pat was born November 20, 1952, in Bakersfield, CA to Barbara Lee (Force) Gillett and John Braxton Gillett, Sr. African-American - 2.4% American Indian - 0.50% Asian - 30.4% Filipino - 3% Hispanic or Latino - 14.7% Pacific Islander - 0.60% Caucasian - 41.70%% Multi-Racial - 5.10% Other - 1.6% The average household income of South High's ZIP code (90505) is $105,771. Education South High School Torrance None None. He was born in Torrance, California to Sanford Albert Whiting and Mary Elizabeth Whiting on November 21, 1931.Described by many as "the nicest man in the world", George was student body Read More, Frank Galvan Dominguez was born May 27, 1928, in Wilmington, California. South Torrance High School Alumni Class List. His off-campus activities include being a volunteer pianist for Torrance Memorial Medical Hospital, a student delegate for the Torrance Sister City Association, and a member of a clarinet trio for Junior Chamber Music. Shasta and Read More, Kathleen Mary McCabe Drissel was born December 1, 1953 in Pasadena, CA. - United States Army - 1987-2021 With broken hearts, we announce the unexpected passing of our cherished Son, Brother, Grandson, Nephew, Cousin, and Friend, Evan Benjamin Spindler. JOSEPH L GREYNOLDS 1942 2023 Joseph was born to Thomas and Florence Greynolds in Abilene, Texas, the second of three children, on October 4, 1942. WASHINGTON (AP) Self-help author Marianne Williamson, whose 2020 White House campaign featured more quirky calls for spiritual . A Jack of all Trades Read More, DON MURFIN July 16, 1929 March 25, 2022 Don Murfin (Murf) died peaceably in his sleep on March 25, 2022. He also covered crime as a reporter at the Orange County Register. ), a 46-year Redlands resident, passed away Wednesday Read More, - 1926-2021 - I'm dead took the last bus out December 9, 2021. . WHERE: Donations collected at 24777 Crenshaw Boulevard, Torrance CA 90505. Torrance High School. 7:00 PM-7:30 PM. Subscribe to RSS feed Tell a friend about reunion announcements Add our search bar to your own website Electronic Cigarette Coupons Browse class reunions in the city of Provo, Utah. Also, around 3,500 Torrance residents (2%) are the average age for high school seniors (18-19). Tuesday, March 22, 2022 Byron Todd King BYRON TODD KING May 31, 1973 February 15, 2022 Byron Todd King passed unexpectantly from this life to his heavenly home with his Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. In the early 1970s, the book was produced by a group of students under the able guidance of Kathy Simons, an art teacher at the school. This brings great sadness to the SoCal ROC family. Students all across the nation walked out in remembrance of the the. Sherys highest attendance came in 1975, when 263 students were enrolled. More information to come, but this evening is a chance for parents and students to meet representatives from most of our sports, get more information on our programs, and have a chance to register for the summer program(s) of their choice. Try the My Fit Custom College Ranking to build a list of schools personalized for you. Soon after he was born, he became a big brother to Tim and Sharon. Part of the California public school system, our programs are offered to high school students as well as adults in the South Bay and surrounding communities. At least 10 people are dead as severe storms bring tornadoes and flooding to South. south torrance high school in remembrance 2022. Torrance has 1.5 mi of beaches on the Pacific Ocean. When attending our games, please be supportive and cheer for your teams with respect for the opposing school and its fans. Notice: We are currently offering a limited number of classes due to COVID-19 concerns. Msgr. Cliff was a loving husband, father, grandfather, and great-grandfather. She was the "baby girl" of seven sisters. AP and Advanced Placement are registered trademarks of the College Board. Shoen stressed good conduct and decency, telling the Palos Verdes Peninsula News in 1969, that hed found that if we dont challenge the students too much, they dont challenge the rules.. Get free online courses from famous schools West High School Yearbook 1982 Torrance California West High Chieftain 1982. . Copyright 2018 Torrance Unified School District, 4801 Pacific Coast Highway, Torrance, CA 90505, Athletic Clearance Site (New Look Website - same login for Previous Users), Physical Exam Form - 2022/2023 School Year, download the Adobe Acrobat Reader DC software. According Read More, ELSA JEAN KOMINITSKY January 27, 1931 - April 23, 2022 Elsa Jean Kominitsky (Wildermuth), age 91, of Bakersfield, CA passed away peacefully on April 23, 2022 in Bakersfield where she resided for 60 years. Thank you to all of the people both on campus (dedicated coaches, teachers, administration, office and support staff, trainers, and students) and off campus (parents, family, friends, community members, officials, and beyond) that are a part of making these experiences possible. At South High School where he graduated in 2005 on June 1, 2007 in Torrance,. Route planning. He spent most of his growing up years in Silver City where he later attended Western New Mexico University as an industrial arts Read More, - United States Army - 1987-2021 With broken hearts, we announce the unexpected passing of our cherished Son, Brother, Grandson, Nephew, Cousin, and Friend, Evan Benjamin Spindler. Opens in 6 h 38 min. (Banning High), Wilmington. South High School is the 312th largest public high school in California and the 1,290th largest nationally. PLEASE READ ALL ANNOUNCEMENTS as a FYI for this. The yearbook class met during the last period of each day in room G-3, which had an adjacent annex and a large darkroom. He was born April 21, 1965, in Spokane, Washington to Shirley (Kathman) Davis and the late David Lee Davis. Join Group. Media. 2010. My school was one of many that walked out to stand in solidarity with the students at Parkland. Torrance Press-Herald files. Legacy invites Read More, Larry Joe Evans, passed away on January 26, 2022 in Bakersfield, California. Kiichi Egashira Memorial Scholarship. Media. They individualize specific students, and treat them unfairly due to nothing, but who they are as a person. He was hired at the Daily Breeze in 1984 to help with the conversion of the paper's manual clip file system to an online database of archived stories. Lonnie Languis. have the opportunity to take Advanced Placement coursework and exams. Spring 2023 Adult Schedule | Spring 2023 High School Schedule. I offer you my full assurance that it has my full attention and that we will do everything necessary to address the students safety concerns, Evans wrote. Torrance opted to build a separate continuation high school in 1966 for a couple of reasons. Graduated at South High School in Bakersfield in 1980. Torrance High School Saturday, September 3, 2022 Add Photos 1 Memory Linn John Bertelsen Oct. 4, 1938 - Aug. 23, 2022 John Bertelsen, affectionately known as "Burly" to family and friends, passed. Call: +1424-209-2440. South Torrance High School In Remembrance #9 Torrance, California Settlement Population: 145,438 Elevation: 27 m Founded: May 12, 1921 Updated: 2020-05-05 Torrance is a coastal USA city in the South Bay region of Los Angeles County, California, in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. He was Read More, CHRISTINE FAZ (MISS. Email: [email protected] South Torrance High School This is why we walked out March 14th marked the one month anniversary of the Parkland shooting. ft. 2626 Loftyview Dr, Torrance, CA 90505 $1,200,000 MLS# SB22098075 Located up in the hills of South Torrance in the sought after Victoria Knolls neigh. South Bay history: Torrances Shery High, Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), South Bay history: Torrances Shery High looks at continuation schools in a different light, South Bay history: Beachbum Burts epitomized the laid-back restaurant vibe, South Bay history: The 91 Freeway never made it quite as far west as originally planned, South Bay history: 1941 murder by mail case with a San Pedro connection remains unsolved, 2nd Fired Up! girls empowerment camp set for Womens History Month, Theres a dire need for male teachers of color. He was 68 years old. Students Frank Read More, JUDITH ANN PENSINGER FARNHAM August 18, 1943 - December 1, 2021 Judy was born on August 18, 1943 in Bakersfield, California to James and Lila Pensinger and was raised on her family's ranch in the rural community of Old River. ABC57 News in South Bend, Ind. Torrance Unified School District. Get one-on-one help building your admissions strategy from CollegeAdvisor's team of over 400+ Admissions Experts. Fall sports will begin practices after this date. Join to connect South High School. On Thursday, January 27, 2022, God was ready for Read More, ROMAINE CONRAD COTE March 3, 1933 - January 25, 2022 Affectionately known as Ro or Pa by family and friends, Romaine was born on March 3, 1933 in Visalia, California to Paul and Leda Cote, and was the youngest of thirteen children. Sources: Californias Continuation Schools, EdSource Research Summary, May 2008. Email:[email protected], Baseball And I want you to know that when we met with the students they were deeply remorseful for their past actions, he wrote. He grew up in Fontana, Calif., and is a graduate of Fontana High School. Try it now. [5] The school continues to use the school for its Torrance Campus ( Transu-k). We bring hands-on experience to the classroom that will help you learn the skills you will need to enter today's workforce. Head Coach: Sarah Crist She married her husband, Malo Saufua, in 1973, and they were happily married for 40 years. Patricia Dreizler Continuation High School (RBUSD): Formerly Redondo Shores High, 1000 Del Amo St., Redondo Beach. David Read More, VERONICA ANN MCCULLOCH August 15, 1969 - September 18, 2021 Veronica Ann McCulloch was born in Bakersfield, CA. High school tournaments: Winchester stuns No. In 2018, Torrance Memorial and Cedars-Sinai entered into a partnership to strengthen both institutions' ability to improve access, coordination and quality of care to the South Bay community. PLEASE READ ALL ANNOUNCEMENTS as a FYI for this. A Torrance resident since birth, Lorna was a graduate of Torrance High School and attended El Camino College and SCROC, where she received secretarial training. Head Coach: Leo Klemm x. . Scholarships can help families afford K-12 private schools. Teens should limit screen time and caffeinated drinks before bed, experts say. It has a student teacher ratio of 23.2 to 1. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. He was the eldest of four children. Ernest lived in Bellflower Read More, November 7, 1935 - May 9, 2020 On Saturday, May 9, 2020, Ernest Mata, loving husband, father and grandfather passed away at the age of 84. Avalon High School (LAUSD): 1425 N. Avalon Blvd. Phone: 533-4352 x7471 Catalogs will NO LONGER be printed or mailed. Torrance, CA 90505; Call us 310-533-4352; Facebook (opens in new window) Twitter (opens in new window) Instagram (opens in new window) Youtube (opens in new window) Campus Suite, a web platform for schools. He went to South High School, where he was on the wrestling team. Legacy.com is not affiliated with South High School. In his note to parents, Evans emphasized that he would not identify students or discuss specific students in this or any communication, but he said school officials had met with some of the students in the video several weeks ago. The Public and Consumer Services sector provides jobs in the beautyindustry and environmental industry. If you are planning summer vacations - this is a great time to plan for. During the late 1960s, dress codes were relaxed, and smoking was even allowed between classes. In the 2014-15 school year, South High had an enrollment of 2,132 students. South High School is 1 of 6 high schools in the Torrance Unified School District. Torrance Unified School District Calendar 2022 and 2023. Charles Bush. South High School is ranked within the top 20% of all 9,659 schools in California (based off of combined math and reading proficiency testing data) for the 2018-19 school year. The South High 2014-15 Advanced Dance Team were the 2015 USA Dance National Champions in the category "Novelty." The short video shows the girls eagerly crowding around the camera as one of them directs the group to say the slur on the count of three. At the end of the count, the girls yell the slur on cue. National Percentile on College-level Exams. Download [219.45 KB] Senior Scholarship Application - Click Here . Class Registration. Posted: Mar 3, 2023 1:41 PM EST. Requirements: The South Bay JACL Kiichi Egashira Memorial Scholarships are open to students planning to attend or attending a college or university pursuing a bachelors or graduate degree in Physical and .