Over the past eight decades, we ve continued to grow and change with the times. Across the nation hundreds of regional groups met up of a weekend for local or more distant day hikes while their interests and access to the countryside were being championed by their national association. It grew out of the National Council of Rambling Federations which in turn was formed in 1930 as an amalgam of the local Federations of Rambling clubs which had been increasing in number since 1905. Over the past eight decades, we 've continued to grow and change with the times. 2017 - Pam Ruggeroli. Ten years later the organisation began to employ a secretary, Tom Stephenson, full-time. My working life was spent in managerial roles in personnel, training, and finance in British Telecom, WRVS and the NHS. On 28 March 1946 the Ramblers' Association incorporated Ramblers' Association Services Limited, this was intended to operate as the commercial wing of the Ramblers' Association; specifically, to manage sales, to provide office services, establish guest houses and to organise walking tours for members at home and abroad. View the list of individuals who have served as CLAS president. Ramblers group walks are led walks organised by local Ramblers groups, some targeting specific age ranges, in particular people in their 20s and 30s[36][37] and has helped attract younger members. Following the success of several initiatives in the early 2000s, such as the Walking Out project supporting short and easy city-based led walks connected with public transport, Ramblers Cymrus Cerrig Camu/Stepping Stones project to provide the next step on for health walkers, Ramblers Scotlands Bums off Seats Fife walking initiative, and the Take30 campaign to help people achieve their recommended amount of daily exercise through everyday walking, we started to take a more strategic approach to our practical projects to get people walking. It will be interesting to see what and who influences future campaigning direction. About. Access to the countryside, however, was becoming more of a challenge thanks to the Enclosure movement, with many private landowners closing off their land. Our work wouldnt be possible without our extensive network of volunteers - who form the backbone of our local groups - with path maintenance, access campaigning and group led walks all taking place at a local level. 2018-19: Ivor Benjamin, MD . Company registration no. MSFA Past Presidents. It was this Act that led to the creation of National Parks, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, National Trails, the definitive footpaths map in England and Wales, and National Nature Reserves across Great Britain. The RA mostly failed to make inroads into the commercial opportunities that opened up. Consideration is given to the difficulty of the course and the terrain, whether stiles, steep hills, and busy roads are to be crossed, and the number of members who may be expected to take part. By the 1960s the campaigners had settled into their many fights and were getting good at it too. Ross joined the Ramblers in July 2022 and leads the senior leadership team, working closely with the Ramblers board of trustees to fulfil the organisations charitable purpose. However knowing how to cope with issues and carrying something to deal with blisters, cuts, strains, allergic reaction, chafing, diarrhoea or even worse, can make completing a trail both possible and more enjoyable. To paraphrase Monty Python- What have the Ramblers ever done for us. Photo Name Years of service Death date Patricia "Patty" Wong 2021-2022 Julius C. Jefferson, Jr 2020-2021 Wanda Kay Brown 2019-2020 Loida Garcia-Febo 2018-2019 James "Jim" Neal 2017-2018 Julie B . privacy policy. the Ramblers, and Sister Jean who has become a nation-al celebrity at NCAA basketball tournament games. . The work in conjunction with local authorities has been encouraged and promoted by the organisation. Helping others to discover the joy of walking is what drives me. Ashbrook, who is a vice-president of the Ramblers . In recognition of his academic achievements, in 1912 Ottewell . Since 1921, dozens of REALTORS have served the Tucson Association of REALTORS in the office of President. The apostrophe was long gone, Association remained only with their legal identity, now the use of capitals was eschewed. Distances vary but are usually under six miles. A.E. I joined Ramblers many years ago to support their aims and past achievements. The history of the Ramblers' Association Britain is criss-crossed with over 225,000km of footpaths, bridleways and public rights of way. Jerry Alexander 2016. Glen has over 20 years experience in human resources, change management and organisational development, specialising in the not for profit, innovation, public, and education sectors. Years Served. There are still no membership options for younger ramblers or families but those under eighteen are encouraged to join, free of charge, their parents on organised walks. Like the rest of our members, I am passionate about walking and ensuring our greenspaces are protected. Increasingly Ramblers volunteer teams help to maintain footpaths across GB. In 1931, six regional federations representing walkers from all over Britain joined to create the National Council of Ramblers Federations, a body that could advocate on behalf of walkers rights at a national level. Edmund Seyfang Taylor (27 August 1853 - 19 April 1908), popularly known as "Walker Miles", was an early pioneer of rambling in the UK. Green and golden fields replaced the familiar rucksack. Eight potential logos, ranging from conservative update to a more radical approach, were presented, not to the members, but exclusively to the executive board. Charles "Chuck . A little keychain blade can be all that is required. Since then we - often in partnership with government, local authorities, and community groups - have reached out to non-walkers to help them take up walking. 2021-2022. There is an image heavy catalogue, still very much a work in progress, to be seen here. 1981 - 1983 Mr. Herman J. C. Perera 1983 - 1985 Mr. Nimal Senanayake, PC 1985 - 1987 Mr. H. L De Silva, PC 1987 - 1989 Mr. Desmond Fernando, PC 1989 -1991 Mr. Ranjith Abeysuriya, PC 1991 - 1993 Mr. D. W. Abeyakoon, PC 1993 - 1995 Mr. N. R. M Daluwatte, PC 1995 - 1997 Mr. Romesh De Silva, PC 1997 - 1999 Mr. Upali A. Gooneratne, PC 1999 - 2001 Ottewell 1915-16 / 1917-18 . The 2023 President's Cup was the ninth edition of the President's Cup contested for. The match was played on 10 February between the champions of the 2022 League of Ireland Premier Division and the 2022 FAI Cup winners, Shamrock Rovers and Derry City.. Summary. The RA announced their new image in March 2009. Divisions had occured but common purpose remained. Ramblers Association badge. past presidents of ramblers association. Always on the look out for a possible improvement to gear, Three Points of the Compass tried the GSI Infinity Backpacker Mug. Ive always been a walker, but its only since retiring to Argyll a few years ago and joining Lochaber and Lorn Ramblers that Ive been able to gain my rambling spurs in some of the most glorious scenery in the country. It also contains subject files produced by the main Ramblers Association offices on the various campaigns and sites of interest with which the association has been involved. The Ramblers Association was formed in 1935. The IBMA Foundation, the philanthropic and educational arm of the International Bluegrass Music Association, has announced the recipients of their 2023 Arnold Shultz Fund grants to encourage participation in bluegrass music by people of color.. Dr. Richard Brown, co-chair of the Arnold Shultz Fund advisory committee, says that they are thankful for all the support the Fund has received since . land for sale in highgate, st mary jamaica . Victorinox knives are getting harder to find, Part 12: My lightweight art kit for multi-day trips, Follow Three Points of the Compass on WordPress.com, Knife chat: the NexTool Mini Sailor keychain multi-tool, Gear talk: The Edelrid Hexon multi-fuel stove, Gear talk: changing the mantle on a Primus Micron lantern, Map measure of the month: George Philip & Son Rotameter, Gear talk: a minimal USB-A diffused lantern, Gear talk: stuff I dont use any more- Skinners sock-shoes, Gear talk: stuff I dont use any more- camp shoes, Gear talk: the Sofirn BLF LT1 2.0 Lantern, Map measure of the month: >W&G< Drawing Instruments- model WG/5006, Gear talk: stuff I dont use any more- fold flat tableware, Gear talk: the Montbell crushable lantern shade, Gear talk: five favourite pieces of gear in 2022, Gear talk: servicing the UCO Original candle lantern, Gear talk: UCO Original candle lantern accessories, Knife chat: 84mm of Victorinox excellence, a Cadet with a difference, Gear talk: the BRS-55 gas powered Dream Candle lantern, Map measure of the month: John Hand & Sons Miledial, Knife chat: Victorinoxs Flagship Store in London, Gear talk: the Primus Micron gas lantern, with steel globe, Knife chat: 84mm Victorinox Recruit and derivatives- the Tinker Small, Tourist and Sportsman, Gear talk: Nitecore NB10000 Gen2 powerbank, Gear talk: the Leica 820 Monovid- probably the best quality small monocular ever made, Map measure of the month: the Sakurai centimetre curvimeter, Knife chat: the SwissBuck Legend- obsolete, but still a good choice, Gear talk: Pad-Pal, the worlds lightest electric sleeping pad inflator, Trail talk: Lego Creator Boy Camper (2016), Trail talk: the Pembrokeshire Coast Path: a backpacking itinerary, Map measure of the month: Harvey Maps 25k and 40k map-measure-go!laces, Gear talk: the Pembrokeshire Coast Path- post-hike gear review, Gear talk: repairing a punctured Thermarest NeoAir sleeping pad, Gear talk: RovyVon Aurora A5 USB-C glow-in-the-dark Keychain Flashlight, Trail talk: Pennine Bridleway. While this is perhaps cliched, there is nothing wrong with that. A digital age loomed but they didnt seem to know how to approach it. A long-term goal of the organisation was achieved in 2000 with the passing of The Countryside and Rights of Way Act, which grants the freedom to roam in mapped areas of open countryside in England and Wales. skip past newsletter promotion. This change was intended to reflect the breadth and variety of its current activities. 2020 - William "Billy" Mordka. 2019 was the 70th anniversary of the 1949 National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act. ACM's elected officers have overall responsibility for ACM. 2016 - Eric Gibbs. We've searched all of England and Wales and found over 49,000 miles of paths that could be lost forever, unless we come together to save them. July 3, 2022 July 3, 2022. It is a little over complicated and fussy in its design, which speaks volumes, for it was almost certainly designed by committee. I collect rambling badges too and youve certainly illustrated some I must look out for. Natalie L. Howse. Currently I head up a team of volunteers organising the annual May weekend Gathering, which is a popular members benefit, as a festival of walking in a different part of Scotland each year. FRANCIS A. WALKER, M.I.T., 1886-92 CHARLES F. DUNBAR, Harvard, 1893 JOHN B. CLARK, Columbia, 1894-95 HENRY C. ADAMS, Michigan, 1896-97 Having relocated for work twice, Bekah the Ramblers as helping her make new friends, try new things and push her own boundaries. Many certainly had an opinion and the design agency took a year to collate the 6000 responses. Ramblers2023. 3 Luglio 2022; dekalb regional medical center ceo; when did ojukwu and bianca get married . In 1932, a small group of ramblers, led by the communist British Workers Sports Federation organized a 'mass trespass' up the highest moor in the Peak - Kinder Scout. Dartesia A. Pitts. Carol . With its sumptuous countryside, national parks, way-marked. In Scotland, the Land Reform (Scotland) Act 2003 codified traditional rights of access into law, and along with the Nordic countries, makes it amongst the most walking-friendly countries in Europe, with walkers having the right to access virtually all land. and meet new people. The Ramblers works to ensure that legislation governing the countryside and environment helps everyone to connect to nature. The Settle Loop, Trail talk: Pennine Bridleway. 4458492. See All ASA Events; ANESTHESIOLOGY Annual Meeting; LEGISLATIVE CONFERENCE; PRACTICE MANAGEMENT; Executive Physician Leadership Program; Executive Physician Leadership Program II 2021-2022 Long Green VFC. Mr. Arthur Howcroft, Honorary President of ERA, died on Saturday, 25 February 2023, aged 96. [20][21] Local Ramblers staged a protest against the erection of the fence outside the boundary of Hoogstraten's estate. Janet: Street-Porter: Media personality, broadcaster and journalist. ACM is a volunteer-driven organization. The European Ramblers' Association (ERA) was founded in Germany in 1969 and by 1971 consisted of 14 ramblers' organisations from 6 countries. Former president of The Ramblers. The Ramblers is also a membership organisation with around 100,000 members and a network of volunteers who maintain and protect the path network. Robert Tobey 2020. 2021 - Diane Marzonie. Past Presidents - Homecraft Section Past Presidents - Agriculture Ontario Association of Agricultural Societies, 1911 Foxboro-Stirling Rd., RR #4 Stirling, Ontario p: 613-395-2465 . Kristina N. "Krisi" Kastl 2022. In response, the number of walking clubs and groups that campaigned for walkers' rights grew from the mid-nineteenth century to the 1930s.[4]. The Campaign for National Trails is currently fighting to save National Trails in England from government plans that would threaten their quality. Lucy lives in St. Leonards-on-Sea and is from a family of happy ramblers. Ramblers Wales was likewise set up in 1974. Presidents of the University of Alberta Alumni Association. She has also lived and worked in Palestine, Bangladesh, India and Uganda. MASC Past Presidents are Life Members of the Association. And in the 1990s, in response to the growing number of people leading inactive lifestyles, we widened our activities to include promoting walking as an easy and accessible form of exercise. Clive Sanders, director of income and marketing. Registered charity, England & Wales no. If you provide contact details, we will be in touch about your request within 10 working days. For many people living in towns and cities, walking offered a welcome relief from a polluted environment and the stress of daily life. Becky Wathen 2021-2022 Ridge VFD. Lonc a Chlonc (Walk and Talk), the first major health walks programme in Britain, was launched by Ramblers Cymru in 1993. He has led on several high-profile campaigns and advised senior policy makers at a national level on the walking agenda. Get the CLAS logo on a variety of items including shirts, hats, and more. This was a very deliberate attempt to replace the tired image of old. He has also served as a school governor and college governor and is currently a governor at Harris Academy Clapham. Since its inception, the Ramblers has campaigned for rights of responsible access to all of Britain's green spaces. Just another site. The officeholder leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces. In recent years, I have walked regularly with the Loddon Valley Ramblers in Berkshire and am a Footpath Warden in my local parish. Nyshana K. Sumner. [14][15][16] The Ramblers have been successful in securing government funding in 2015 for the completion of the England Coast Path by 2020.[17][18]. Urie R. Clark. In 2007 we launched ourGet Walking Keep Walking project in England aimed at helping inactive people in inner cities walk independently through a 12-week walking programme. Simple scale rules were included with some road atlases published by the Automobile Association and acted both as bookmark and map measure. Did it earn a place in the pack? The president acts as a figurehead for the organisation and is elected annually at the AGM. Ten years later the organisation began to employ a secretary, Tom Stephenson, full-time. He is a keen outdoor enthusiast and a passionate believer in the power of the outdoors for all, having spent much of his career working across the commercial and charity sectors in sport and recreation. Arthur, aki a Long Distance Walkers Association s a Ramblers' Association kpviselje Nagy-Britannibl, az ERA egyik legrgebb ta mkd tagja volt. [7] Dalton was an environmentalist before the term came into fashion. Trail talk: maps, dont be afraid to write on them! Early life. Boston Celtics Antigua Women's Action HalfZip Pullover Hoodie Heathered Charcoal 75-x9fwslwxnm-8giv asty2 Devolutions agreements were introduced for Ramblers Cymru in 1974 and Ramblers Scotland in 1985. LAMSFA Past Presidents. On 1 January 1935, the Ramblers Association was officially created. My experience has covered all aspects of finance including strategic review, improving and maintaining strong financial controls, treasury management and providing guidance and advice to the board and other management. The board opted for a revolutionary change from the staid and dated countryside design of previous years. For many older hikers, this is the Ramblers brand that is most familiar. H(edge): A Manual for Hedgelaying as Infrastructure for Public Access to a Protected Rural Landscape Part 1 Project 2022 Varvara Yakovleva Architectural Association | UK The function of the project is to create spaces for the enjoyment of landscape by tourists, hikers and ramblers who use the Landscape trail in the High Weald AONB and also facilitate passing on the knowledge of traditional . That said, the plural noun and accompanying apostrophe was still included on the badge produced in association with the organisations golden jubilee in 1985. Glen Walker, director of people and organisational development. 1930's - 1950's. Compass Rose, the first logo for the Ramblers Association. 1093577, Scotland no. Former Leader of Labour party. The former President of SJU will now have his choice of these for his new identity, with the exception of Sister Jean of course which would be contrary to the Jesuit beliefs. Alison Mitchell, convener, Ramblers Scotland appointee. She is keen to pass on that joy, and to preserve the freedom of walking in nature for future generations. Were now involved with national health walk networks in England and Wales. Meanwhile, a plethora of outdoors magazines, guidebooks, maps, retailers of outdoors equipment facilitated those enjoying an increased leisure time. (1908-04-19) (aged 54) Godstone, Surrey. Even with dozens of hard-working volunteers, campaigning costs money and recent years has seen the ability to successfully campaign severely hampered by falling revenue and decreased internal support. Registered charity in England & Wales no 1093577, Scotland no SC039799, and a company limited by guarantee in England & Wales no 4458492. If you have any questions please contact Simon Kellas ( [email protected] ). To be honest, it still looks fresh, modern and, for those who search out its meaning, mostly relevant to the organisation as a whole. Tom is also a strong believer in the importance of grass-root campaigning and working with volunteers to effect change at a local level. Tom joined the Ramblers in June 2018. General Council AGM 2022 The 2022 General Council AGM took place on Saturday 9 April at the Birmingham NEC. Our volunteer leaders choose the directions for ACM and oversee our many activities and initiatives. 400 Bent Creek Blvd. The Ramblers' Association is a company limited by guarantee, registered in England and Wales. It seems to be a charitable donation more than an association. Registered charity, England & Wales no. . One does wonder if concentrating on youth and inclusiveness, style over substance, was the correct direction when coupled with an inability to continue to appeal to many of the traditional, if aged, backbone leaving the organisation in droves. This collection consists of administrative and publicity material relating to the national and local activities of the association, including minutes, financial material, details of the routes of well-known walks, press cuttings and press releases. . The organisation promotes good neighbourhood planning and design through its urban campaigning and seeks to increase green routes in towns and cities, such as the Walk London Routes (Capital Ring, London Loop etc) and the Manchester Green Trail Network. A restricted colour pallet was available for different applications of the brand and Welsh and Scottish variants created, each with an appropriate strapline. repo cars for sale in savannah, ga Access to the countryside, however, was becoming more of a challenge thanks to the Enclosure movement, with many private landowners closing off their land. For many years, I worked for a local authority managing both urban parks and countryside sites, including rights of way, giving me much knowledge in the law relating to access and wildlife, dealing with landowners and recreational users, producing strategies and plans including a Rights of Way Improvement Plan, as well as organising a Local Access Forum. Pennsylvania School Boards Association. Though how much that was a simple desire to change from a fairly non-descript image of some fields to something more dynamic is not recorded. State. John. Leaders walk the designated route in order to reconnoitre it, bearing in mind that certain features of the route may change before the actual day of the walk. It also argues that Britain's network of public paths is an invaluable part of its national heritage and that the relevant authorities have a duty to invest in them. In 2000, the Countryside and Rights of Way Act (known as CRoW) finally succeeded in securing public access to mountain, moor, heath and downland. I was really surprised by how bad the RA website was and how expensive it was for what you actual get. Potential revenue was lost as a result. For members: Confidential help is just one call away. SC039799. Map measure of the month: a Fritz Chatelain measure, Gear talk: Fire Maple FMS-116 and FMS-116T gas stoves, Knife chat: are you flying? During my first year, our membership numbers have increased, Ive made the area meetings more group-centric, engaged the area with Don't Lose Your Way, weve started a new group offering longer walks and our path maintenance team has achieved a lot. Wales announced official plans for a coastal path in 2006 and Ramblers Cymru celebrated the opening of the Wales Coastal path in May 2012 with the Big Welsh Coastal Walk. The membership in 1948 stood at 4000. The disquiet amongst older members with this latest change rattled board members. She enjoys spending time with her family and friends in the ever-inspiring great outdoors and has an eclectic taste in music to accompany her walks and thoughts. Aaron Tobin 2021. It has always sought to protect the rights of walkers. Today were composed of over 500 local groups and over 107,000 members. The ramification of such protracted argument and discussion was that members were denied a vote on the next change in brand, 22 years later. He is a passionate advocate for walking and the benefits of being outdoors. 2021-22: Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, MD, ScM, FAHA. Past Presidents; Member Companies. Why should the rules of grammar matter to anyone, hey, were radical, live with it. Ramblers' Association Services Ltd eventually became a separate entity from the Ramblers' Association, eventually becoming RWH Travel Ltd.[6] From 1948 onwards its secretary was Tom Stephenson, who was a leading campaigner for open-country access and for the first British long-distance footpath, the Pennine Way.[5]. 2003- through the Land Reform Act, secured responsible access over most areas of land and water in Scotland. Membership is in long-term decline, revenue has dropped, regional offices have found funding severely curtailed. Urban walking has resulted in specialised groups, including the Metropolitan Walkers. Membership rose to 8600 and when Stephenson stood down to make way for a younger man with perhaps a little more energy, the association entered possibly its most militant phase, using the courts to protect rights of way and creating further appeal to an increasing, mostly working class, membership. Laura Benitez Geisler 2019. Past Presidents Past Presidents of the American Heart Association. Routes include detailed directions, points of interest and elevation profiles. In the code of conduct, the organisation emphasises being welcoming, positive, empowering and environmentally responsible.[9]. This article is about the British charity. Walking became a big part of my life in my early 30s when I joined the Ramblers as a means to regularly walk with others, get fitter (and stay fit!) These programmes rely on a large contingent of volunteers who lead walks all over Britain. Subscribe now for regular news, updates and priority booking for events, All content is available under the Open Government Licence v3.0, except where otherwise stated, 74 - London Metropolitan Archives: City of London, London Metropolitan Archives: City of London, About our The association's main aims are to protect public paths and rights of way, including provision of signposts and other waymarkers; to increase access for walkers by establishing statutory rights of access; to safeguard the countryside from overdevelopment and pollution by organising national and local campaigns; to educate the public about their rights and responsibilities in respect of the countryside. Tompion Platt,director of operations and advocacy. There have been several dozens of Ladies Auxiliary of the Maryland State Firemen's Association past presidents, serving in one year terms, dating back to 1932. I also provided on-site practical experience for Central Office staff members who were learning footpath work. Illinois. For many people living in towns and cities, walking offered a welcome relief from a polluted environment and the stress of daily life in urban areas. Alabama Association for Prevention, Attendance and Support Services. Most recent is Tanya Curry who was appointed in February 2020 following the resignation of the previous chief executive, VanessaGriffiths. 2018 - Ginny Huffman. Further, they believe in the importance of high quality walks for all communities, from all regardless of age and background. [Learn more.ACM Council members function as our board of directors. International Bar Association, . To a degree, the RA have been partially successful in their search for inclusiveness and tomorrows potential membership is now more aware of their existence and aims than ever before. Although she says she has equally discovered that being led down unexpected diversions is one of the very best things about life. It was a rewarding job: campaigning for better paths, liaising with interested parties from farmers to councillors, attending public inquiries and administering to over 50 Local Footpath Secretaries. If they had, membership could potentially have swelled by hundreds of thousands. In 1992 Hoogstraten erected a barn, a gate, barbed wire fence, and refrigerators across a footpath on his country estate in East Sussex. Alison Mitchell, convener, Ramblers Scotland appointee From childhood I was taken out into the countryside to walk and joined the Ramblers over 30 years ago when a group was formed in my home city of Aberdeen - and I have been supporting them ever since. Blog Inizio Senza categoria past presidents of ramblers association. Virginia State Golf Association Presidents (1921-present) President Years of Service; Gary Beck: 2020-21: J. Michael Millen: 2018-19: Bruce H. Matson: 2016-17: Gib Palmer: 2014-15: E. Lee Coble: 2012-13: It is organised locally into Areas, which are responsible for all local activities and for recruitment of members. Company registration number: 4458492. Today, this umbrella organisation comprises 66 ramblers' organisations (60 full members and 6 associated members) from 35 European states. The Ramblers Association was formed in 1935. About 400 people took part, and after a resulting fight on the moors, several were arrested. The organisations 60th anniversary came and went with few seemingly realising that the opportunity for good rebrand had been missed when the logo chosen for the occasion, that actually included people rambling, slipped by almost unused thereafter. Wealso campaigned to secure public access to the coast in Wales and England. Post-Presidency Rest. Hon. Walking in the countryside, or rambling, became a popular form of recreation in the 19th century. I believe that anyone in a leadership position should always give out as much positivity as possible, and this has been my successful strategy in Norfolk. [citation needed] Bekah believes no problem is so big that it can't be made a bit smaller by going for a walk to see the bigger picture. But in post-war Britain the fight for countryside access was not over, not by a long shot. On Saturday, they beat Nust Babes 3-1, after leading 2-1 at half time. Call the Lawyers Helpline at (800) 605-8678 for immediate counseling resources and support. Promoting walking has always been at the heart of our mission and since the beginning volunteers have led walks for fellow Ramblers members and the public. During the following year, 400 walkers took part in the landmarkKinder Scout Trespass. past presidents of ramblers association The classic Bergan rucksack typified the outdoors lover. Ramblers Scotland is currently running itsMedal Routes project and arefreshed version of the Take30 initiative which both encourage the less active to start walking.