The Assistant Editor is responsible for sending the submission to at least two recognised experts for independent, external peer review. When citing more than one paragraph, place the numbers in square brackets. If pinpointing specific paragraphs, place these in square brackets. Jane Croft, Supreme Court Warns on Quality Financial Times (London, 1 July 2010) 3. Narcotics contribute greatly to the black economy, for example the value of illegal drugs transactions has been estimated at up to 1.5 billion annually. Try to be specific and use a specific footnote number (For exampleSee n 52for the footnote. An example of a footnote for an online article: James Gobert, 'The Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007: Thirteen Years in the Making but was it Worth the Wait?' 5 May 2022. GDPR, art. If there is no obvious author/speaker, begin the citation with the title of the programme. The terms op cit andidemshould not be used. Dimas S, EU Environment Commissioner, 'Improving Environmental Quality through Carbon Trading' (Speech at the Carbon Expo Conference, Kln, 2 May 2007) accessed 29 May 2011. 0 For more details see3.4.3 OSCOLA 4th ed. If no neutral citation exists, as with cases before 2002, you can just begin with the report. In the House of Commons, written answers are indicated by the suffix W after the column number; in the House of Lords, they are indicated by the prefix WA before the column number. Bibliography: Polyphenols: food sources, properties and applications - a review. Authors may provide an English translation of their submission, in which case both versions will be published (if they wish). Note that standard abbreviations are also used for journal names; here MLR refers to Modern Law Review. Published on Click the button below to generate your OSCOLA Journal Article Reference and In-line Citation. You should cite Regulations, Directives, Decisions, Recommendations and Opinions by giving the legislation type, number and title, followed by publication details in the OJ. You should use Re the Domestic Abuse Act 2017 rather than In the matter of the Domestic Abuse act 2017. The examples below include a suggestion for citing the comments of a particular person. Neither do citations of cases with a neutral citation. Paragraph numbers appear in square brackets and can be used for pinpointing in the same way as page numbers: Note that if youre pinpointing a judges comments within a case report, you include the name of the judge, and some special terms and abbreviations are used in the citation and in the text. Capitalisation is appropriate for names of persons, places, institutions and intellectual movements (e.g. *You can also browse our support articles here >. endstream endobj 406 0 obj <>/Metadata 53 0 R/OCProperties<>/OCGs[418 0 R]>>/Outlines 60 0 R/PageLayout/SinglePage/Pages 400 0 R/StructTreeRoot 99 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 407 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/Properties<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 408 0 obj <>stream e.g. You should cite all publications with an ISBN as if they were books, whether you read them online or in hard copy. Re T (adult: refusal of medical treatment), [1992] 4 All ER 649 (CA). Original source cited again but with different page numbers The table of cases comes first, followed by the table of legislation, and then the bibliography. Journal article Law / Act Newspaper article . OR use s for Section in the middle of a sentence. there is a volume number. GDPR, Recital 25. In a longer work, such as a thesis or dissertation, OSCOLA requires you to include tables listing any cases and legislation you cited, as well as a bibliography listing any secondary sources. OSCOLA Section 4: Journal Articles Updated January 2021 Author's name Title of the article Name of the journal Volume number (if there is one) Year of publication . For example (ed) or (tr). For articles with multiple authors, use the first name and surname for up to three authors, separated by an (Oxford) comma and and (e.g. Author names in the bibliography are inverted, and initials are used in place of the first name: If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the Cite this Scribbr article button to automatically add the citation to our free Reference Generator. Online harms and Carolines Law whats the direction for the law reform? HL Deb OR HC Deb | date, | volume, | column. Where there are multiple parties in cases, you should name only the first claimant and the first defendant. Articles should not normally exceed 10,000 words (including footnotes). With online journals that have been published electronically, give publication details the same way you would for hard copy journal articles. Weve created a comprehensive guide on exactly what OSCLA is, and how to use it. use cannot, not cant; do not, not dont, etc). OSCOLA is a footnote style: all citations . While the Copy Editor does NOT check the accuracy of citations, s/he reserves the right to make amendments considered necessary to achieve SCRIPTed stylistic and formatting standards, and may make changes with a view to (1) eliminating errors of typing, grammar, syntax, punctuation, spelling, and idiom, (2) eliminating ambiguity, illogicality, tautology, circumlocution and redundancy, (3) producing accuracy and coherence, and (4) improving the mode of expression and style of writing. Speaker (if a direct quote)/Presenter, 'Title of the programme' (Radio station, date of the programme). The targeted compounds are widely studied nanotubes attaining exquisite nanostructures due to their distinguishable properties attaining numeric values. John Smith; Edinburgh; European Union; Scottish Enlightenment), but not for other terms. Misc (multiple authors, editors.) For subsequent citation of secondary sources, you only need the authors surname. For example: Tom Bingham, The Rule of Law (Alan Lane 2010). Full citation (including footnote number for illustration) 3 John Knowles, Effective Legal Research (4 th edn, Sweet & Maxwell 2016) 33.. Authors' surname and cross-citation to footnote number 3. To use a footnote, put a superscript number into your text and then the footnote at the bottom of the page. %PDF-1.6 % If necessary, refer to specific parts of an Act of Parliament using section, subsection and paragraph numbers. Follow this with the title of the website and the date of publication in brackets, if available. ), Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System (2008), available at, Mike Morel, A Brief Chance for Better UK Data Protection Law (Open Rights Group, 8 May 2017), available at, Sarah Butler and Gwyn Topham, Uber Should Lost its Licence if it Doesnt Improve Workers Rights, Say Drivers (The Guardian, 9 May 2017), available at. Book. Enter in alphabetical order in the Secondary Sources. Example: T opi ng S, Beck D a d Wils P, Analysing Law (Routledge, London 2008). Laurie,Genetic Privacy,supra n. 24, p. 3 or Laurie and Dove, Consent and Anonymisation,supran. 25, pp. If the interview was conducted by someone else, the interviewers name should appear at the beginning of the citation. Usesingle quotation marksand include within the text. Lorenzo Magnani, Morality in a Technological World: Knowledge as Duty (Cambridge: CUP, 2007), p. 25. Example: Topping S, Beck D and Wilson P, Analysing Law (Routledge, London 2008). The Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) was developed at Oxford University, andis widely used by law schools and publishers to acknowledge source information. Items in the table of legislation are listed in identical form to how they are cited in the text. 1 1. Remove Additional Authors, Add a 5th Author author, | title | [year] OR (year) | volume/issue | journal name or abbreviation | | date accessed. If you have questions about reference formats, please contact us with your query using the Query form on the guide, or email us at [email protected]. Subsequent citations of secondary sources: use the author's or authors' surname(s): 1. When citing explanatory notes to statutes, precede the name of the statue with Explanatory notes to the. endstream endobj 637 0 obj <>/Metadata 30 0 R/Pages 634 0 R/StructTreeRoot 111 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 638 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 596.04 842.04]/Parent 634 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 639 0 obj <>stream Use col or cols for column(s). In text:refer to the text giving case names in italics eg: InPhipps v Boardman31.. For most sources in OSCOLA, the bibliographic format is the same as the footnote. World Health Organization, World Intellectual Property Organization) and when quoting text that uses the American spelling. Simon Tonking, Jury Trial (BBC Radio 4, 1 May 2010) accessed 15 February 2013. When pinpointing (referring to a specific page in an article) put the first page of the article followed by a comma, a space and the page of the pinpoint. If there is no author identified, and it is appropriate to cite an anonymous source, begin the citation with the title in the usual way. Pinpoints follow the citation and come before the web address. author, | title | [year] OR (year) | volume/issue | journal name or abbreviation | | date accessed. Use the full name of the author(s) as written in the source. Youve extracted the key research, peppered your content with incisive observations, and youve just typed the last words of your Law essay conclusion. See3.2.3 OSCOLA 4th edn for more details. If they are a Lord/Lady Justice, use LJ, e.g. No further changes will be allowed to the text absent compelling justification. 1 Robert Stevens, Torts and Rights (OUP 2007). Pajunen, K. 2008. In this first example the pinpoints are at the end to paragraphs 42 and 45 of the case: In this example for a secondary source the page number 131 is given at the end: For more detailed information, see OSCOLA 2.1.6 and OSCOLA 4.2.5. Introduction to OSCOLA referencing style The Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) was developed at Oxford University, and is widely used by law schools and publishers to acknowledge source information. 'Serving Magistrates by HMCTS Region, England and Wales, 31 March 2013, Diversity statistics and general overview 2013: (The Judicial Office 2013). If the information is available in print, reference the print version. Square brackets [ ] are used when theyear is crucial to identify the relevant volume of the journal(e.g. [2] For example, if you used a book as a source that was written by Harry Potter and Luna Lovegood, your Works Cited entry would start "Potter, Harry." You may also have to include a list of tables of cases, legislation and other primary sources at the start of your essay, and a bibliography of second sources at the end. Up to three authors are included in a Harvard in-text citation. T2p210g0r`>Pj%mei P *VBQ@\37U0wt0TtVtw4dw4"v0;*:Hp,PZ=Hs1~13pa` 1``R @A I^x(3p)CT1r u0Yy Do not use punctuation when using an abbreviation. Information to include: Canada (Human Rights Commission) v Canadian Airlines International Ltd, [2006] 1 SCR 3. Cruft R, Title of Book Review (2011) Law & Philosophy 637, Ben McFarlane and Donal Nolan, Remedying Reliance: The Future Development of Promissory and Proprietary Estoppel in English Law (Obligations III conference, Brisbane, July 2006), 1. Use the following format to cite cases. author, | 'Title' | date | volume number | journal title | 1st page of article | pinpoint (if needed) Paul Craig, 'Theory, "Pure Theory" and Values in Public Law' [2005] PL 440. For example: Another alternative, particularly if the podcast is quite long, would be to provide the minutes and seconds of the excerpt: Author, 'Title' (additional information, publisher year), Footnote: Bibliography: Omit reference to specific page numbers (other than the first page of the article) in your bibliographic entry. hbbd``b`ADk$,A"z g $qYq# If you are referring to a particular Act a number of times in the same place, you can provide an abbreviated form of the title in the footnotes, as long as you let your reader know in advance. OSCOLA is a footnote referencing style. When you cite EU treaties and protocols, give the title of the legislation, followed by the year of publication, the OK series and the issue and page numbers. Footnote text should follow the rules stated above in Text, save that all numbers should be given as figures. To ensure that only submissions of the highest quality are published, the journal employs the following referee system: All submissions are first considered by the Managing Editor to determine if they are suitable. Ibid., in italics, should be used for consecutive citations. The author must change any references in these formats into the SCRIPTed house style, and use footnotes accordingly. We will not accept submissions under consideration at other journals. A submission will only be considered where the author warrants that their manuscript has not already been published or offered for publication elsewhere in whole, in part, or in substance (including on publicly accessible websites, such as SSRN). When citing an unpublished thesis, give the author, the title and then in brackets the type of thesis, university and year of completion. Dove, Chen, and Diver. Book Reviews should be written using our Book Review template. Use the following abbreviations: Official notices of the EU are in the Official Journal of the European Communities (which is abbreviated to OJ). If you read a book in a language other than English (eg, you read a book written in German), cite the primary source in the original language: Cite a book review in the same way as a journal article, but without the quote marks. Dont put a comma before the year. (2008) 71 MRL 413 accessed 15 Jan 2014, European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) cases. (Mr or Mrs Justice Smith should be called Smith J in your text). The OJ citation should be: year, OJ series, number / page. As with bills, write HC for the House of Commons and HL for the House of Lords. Where there is no title, use the name of the case in italics instead, and add (note) at the end of the citation: See3.3.2 OSCOLA 4th ed. use the following format for the footnote: Information to include: This means that for subsequent references of a source, you dont have to repeat the full citation. A footnote always ends with a full stop: To save space in OSCOLA citations, abbreviations are used for the names of various publications and legal bodies. For more detailed information see OSCOLA 1.2. Information to include: You write HC Bill or HL Bill depending upon which house it is, and bill numbers for Commons bills appear in square brackets. Neville states that The Oxford University Commonwealth Law Journal was involved in developing the OSCOLA referencing system. For multiple authors or editors, follow the rules outlined in Journal Articles, above. If you source a publication online which is also available in hard copy, cite the hard copy version. That means that you add small, superscript numbers (for example, 1,2,3) to the sources in your text, which connect to footnotes at the bottom of your page. Referees are asked to consider the following: (1) overall quality; (2) originality (its contribution to the field); (3) timeliness and time sensitivity; (4) academic standards (argumentation and presentation, including adequacy of referencing, grammar, syntax etc. They should only be produced by means of the word processors automatic footnote function (with Arabic numerals, consecutively numbered). List alphabetically in author order in secondary sources, giving the authors surname first. If the next citation is to the same source, simply put ibid, with a new pinpoint if necessary. JAG Griffith, 'The Common Law and the Political Constitution' (2001) 117 LQR 42, 64. ), Genes and Common Disease: Genetics in Modern Medicine (Cambridge: CUP, 2007). To cite a print journaluse the following format: Author, title [year] journal name or abbreviation first page of article, Author, title (year) volume journal name or abbreviation first page of article. If the book has up to three authors, include and in between each author. For example: You can see from this example that the information in brackets shows that this Act was given royal assent in the forty-first year of the reign of George III. Ensure that every footnote corresponds correctly with the footnote that it references (e.g. 636 0 obj <> endobj Include the edition and year. For further references to the case, use a short form of the case name and a cross-citation in brackets to the original footnote. The names of publishers other than Cambridge University Press (CUP) and Oxford University Press (OUP) should be written in full. Generally, footnotes should be used for citationof sources, rather than for additional text. hbbd```b`` iX$&``j0L.GI Hc~ 6j / the name of the journal in roman, in full or abbreviated form, with no full stops; and. The Oxford University Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) is a referencing style used by students and academics in law. The list is organised by type of source, and then alphabetically. [Online]. This rule applies for all conjunctions (including IP, IT, ICT, etc). (iii) By multiple authors Either list all the authors' names or list the first author's name followed by "et al." D AVID H UNTER ET AL., I NTERNATIONAL E NVIRONMENTAL L AW AND P OLICY 555 (3rd ed. Ensure that all punctuation is within the quotes (e.g. For example. You need to be very precise when using quotations. You need a date of publication or at least a date of access (ie when you looked at it), as they are generally updated regularly. The Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) is designed to help the author to achieve consistency and to make life easier for the reader". See 3.3.4 OSCOLA 4th edn for more details. The most common ones are covered below. In the bibliography, list bills in alphabetical order under the heading Secondary Sources. Follow the citation with the web address (in angled brackets) and the date you most recently accessed the article. Title: Referencing using OSCOLA Author: Fennell, Graham Created Date: Paragraph text should use 1.5 line spacing. For Book Reviews, our in-house Book Review template should be used. It is a guide to legal citation developed by the Oxford Law Faculty and is an authoritative way to prepare legal citation in the UK academic world. Chemical graph theory significantly predicts multifarious physio-chemical properties of complex and multidimensional compounds when investigated through topological descriptors and QSPR modeling. Additionally, note that the year (for the report) is displayed differently depending on whether it is essential to the citation. 44(12), pp.2512-2518. In footnotes write the first author's name followed by "and others". Croft J, Supreme Court Warns on Quality Financial Times (London, 1 July 2010). The bibliography is the same format as the footnote except that the author's last name comes first, only the author's initial(s) are used and there is no full stop at the end of the citation. It is widely used in law schools and by journal and book publishers in the UK and beyond. If you are a post-graduate law student, you are required to use this referencing system. Put a comma after the first page of the article if you want to refer to a particular page or set of pages: If the year serves as the volume identifier, put the year in square brackets [ ]. analyse, not analyze; criticise, not criticize; characterise, not characterize). When citing journal articles which have been published only electronically, give publication details as for articles in hard copy journals, but note that online journals may lack some of the publication elements (for example, many do not include page numbers). After that, you can shorten it. If a case is reported in the Law Reports you should cite it in preference to any other report. In OSCOLA referencing, referring to a specific page number within a source is called pinpointing. Changes will be sent to the author for approval. British Medical Journal podcast, 'Insanity in the Dock' (20 July 2012) comments by MatthewThompson, Centre for Evidence Based Medicine in Oxford accessed 15 April 2014. Use a short version of the title if the full title is longer than three words. Paragraphs following headings are not indented, but continuing paragraphs are. A Quick Guide to OSCOLA Referencing | Rules & Examples. The only Latin term that is acceptable to use within the OSCOLA style is ibid, for the instances when you are referring to the same source in consecutive footnotes. Note the different rules for annual case reports as compared with ongoing reports. Paul Craig, 'Theory, "Pure Theory" and Values in Public Law' [2005] PL 440. accessed 17 November 2014. Analysis Pieces should normally not exceed 4,000 words. Statues are divided into parts, sections, subsections, paragraphs and subparagraphs. Ibid., p. 25). 1. OSCOLA referencing places citations in footnotes, which are marked in the text with footnote numbers: The judge referred to the precedent established by Caulfield v Baldwin.1. Where cases concern only individuals, leave out forenames and initials. Traditional multispectral detectors usually consist of multiple monochromatic detectors or use filters to achieve specific wavelength detection. Author (Initials & Surname ) Example Journal Reference: Include the person's position if relevant. eighty-four), unless they refer to a percentage, in which case it appears as, for example, 25%. Authors should provide an abstract of 250 words or fewer, which will appear under the listing of the published version. To cite a print journaluse the following, The bibliography is the same format as the footnote except that. Paul Craig, Theory, Pure Theory and Values in Public Law [2005] PL 440. Available from: doi:10.1037/rmh0000008, On-line Journal, Off-line Journal, Journal Article. OSCOLA Journal Article Reference Generator Create an OSCOLA Journal Article Reference Reference either an on-line or printed Journal Article Select a different Source Type See examples Share this: * Required Fields 1. To indicate that words have been omitted from a quote, please use ellipses () without any spaces around them,e.g. Where English is used, please comply with British English (see Spelling below). OSCOLA Referencing Style. 25. Referencing - OSCOLA Secondary sources Primary sources are the law itself -- cases, legislation, regulations. 27. ibid 271-78. See3.4.6 OSCOLA 4th ed. 1. For example, Johnston v Ireland (1986) Series A no 122. HC Deb 5 February 2020, vol 671, col 300. do not write See n. 12.). You must insert an 'and' before the last author's name, European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) cases. Be sure that quotation marks are consistent (e.g. If referring to a different page in the same source, use Ibid., followed by a comma and the number of the relevant page (e.g. Reference either an on-line or printed Journal Article, Select a different Source Type See examples, Enter the Surname and Initials for each Author of the Journal, You must enter at least one Author including their first initial, Add a 3rd Author When referring to the first two series, cite the House abbreviation (HL or HC), followed by Deb, then the full date, the volume and the column. JAG Griffith, The Common Law and the Political Constitution (2001) 117 LQR 42, 64, 2. Simply reference the relevant source as you would a paper copy. See3.4.11 OSCOLA 4th edn for more details. Do not italicise case names. For specific references, include a comma, followed by p. and the page number. The studied nanotubes are carbon, naphthalene . Use the following format: Maincontributor [Role of main contributor],'Title of programme' [Television series episode] in Title of series (Additional information if required, Publisher, Year ). A Court of Appeal Judge who is Lord or Lady Smith should be referred to asSmith LJ. Unless otherwise specified below, SCRIPTed follows the Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA). And then it happens. Cite a Bill by its title, the House in which it originated, the Parliamentary session in brackets, and the running number assigned to it. In it, you assign each citation a footnote that duplicates the reference at the end of the paper almost precisely, with some exceptions such as using a specific page number. Page numbers stand-alone without p or pp. Sidaway v Board of Governors of the Bethlem Royal Hospital, [1984] 1 All ER 1018 (CA) (hereinafterSidaway). If a book hasmore than three authors,include and othersafter the name of the first author. ABC, para. OR:See text to n 22. not a result of a search in a database). When the previous reference to the source was in an earlier footnote (i.e. If submissions are made in a language other than English, the Title and Abstract (not exceeding 250 words) must also be submitted in English. OSCOLA stands for the Oxford Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities. Chatterton v Gerson, [1981] 1 All ER 257 (QB) (hereinafterChatterton). Finding credible sources Use search strategies to narrow down your results, and evaluate the sources that are appropriate for your assignment. A z can be used in official names of organisations (e.g. 3, s. 2 (hereinafter HFEA 1990), Protection from Abuse (Scotland) Act 2001, Duration of Copyright and Rights in Performances Regulations 1995, SI 1995/3297, The authors/authors forenameand surname with no full stops (no middle initials are required). When you refer to the same source you have just referred to (i.e. hb```lKa1.I @9Y +ov {n!`Df @l Xt4` h " G1j LV8*``fcgX+A*E >`l2A CXA*0pJ s 6 Mike Molan, Duncan Bloy and Denis Lanser If there are more than three authors, cite the first author followed by 'and others'. Oscola by Donal Nolan (Editor); Sandra Meredith (Editor); Faculty of Law, University of Oxford Staff Call Number: D 340.074 OSC ISBN: 9781849463676 Publication Date: 2012-04-26 Examples of citing sources using OSCOLA These are some examples of how you might cite some common legal materials using OSCOLA. Use ( )if the date of publication is NOT needed to find the article eg. when the previous footnote was also about that source), you can simply use ibid (Latin for in the same place): In this example, the second footnote also refers to Davis v Dignam, but to page 522 instead of page 519. If submissions are made in a language other than English, the Title and Abstract must also be submitted in English. 28 February 2020 In footnotes write the first authors name followed by and others. JAG Griffith, The Common Law and the Political Constitution (2001) 117 LQR 42, 64. You should abbreviate both as Smith J. Note thatSCRIPTed does not charge authors any fees to submit, process, or publish a manuscript. Each primary word should begin with a capital letter (e.g. 1. For example, here you would list Hansard, any books and journal articles cited, and other sources such as blogs, social media and newspapers. Don't worry, you can come back and edit the reference if you need to correct or add any information. There is no specific guidance on this within OSCOLA. If known, give the number of the page on which the article was published, after the brackets. Follow this by the phrase available at, followed by the URL, which should be hyperlinked. author, Title of chapter' in editor (ed), title in italics(additional information,publisheryear).